Individual and contextual predictors of overweight or obesity among women in Uganda: a spatio-temporal perspective

Amegbor, Prince M.; Yankey, Ortis; Davies, Megan; Sabel, Clive E.

doi:10.1007/s10708-021-10466-7

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 72 publications

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“…Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease arising from a dysfunctional energy balance reinforced by an interplay of biological, social, cultural and economic factors. [1][2][3] According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the disease has been viewed as a pandemic, affecting not less than 650 million adults in 2016, [4] with more than half occurring among women. [5] In sub-Saharan Africa, despite persistent challenges with underweight, the obesity prevalence rose by 13% from the year 2000 to 2016, affecting an estimated 416 million people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity among non-pregnant women in the 36 States and federal capital territory of Nigeria; sub-national variation of a national epidemic

Adeomi,

Akanji,

Okeyode

2023

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Background: Obesity has been viewed as a pandemic, with women of reproductive age disproportionately affected compared to men. While studies have reported National prevalence rates in Nigeria, data on the sub-national variation is scarce. This is important because majority of policies/interventions in Nigeria, are developed/implemented at the sub-national level. This study therefore aimed to investigate the sub-national distribution and variation of obesity among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Nigeria. Methodology: This was a community-based cross-sectional study, which used secondary data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2018. A total of 13,180 non-pregnant women of reproductive age (15 – 49 years) were selected from the 36 states and federal capital territory using a two-stage cluster sampling technique. Obesity was determined using the World Health Organization reference values for adolescents (less than 20 years) and others that were older. Sub-national variation was determined with binary logistic regression analysis using unadjusted and adjusted rates, and adjustment was made for individual, household and community level factors. Results: The mean age of respondents was 29.5 ± 9.7 years and there was mostly an even distribution of respondents across the States. The National prevalence of obesity among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in this study was 28.5%. Anambra (54.6%) and Sokoto (6.9%) States had the highest and lowest prevalence rates respectively, with a range of 47.7%. The burden of obesity was higher among the southern states, compared to the northern states generally. After adjusting for all the commonly reported risk factors, about two-thirds of the states (24) still had a statistically significant variation in the prevalence of obesity, such that Akwa Ibom (OR: 4.5; p<0.001; 95% CI: 2.2, 9.0) and Anambra States (OR: 4.4; p<0.001; 95% CI: 2.2, 8,7) had nearly 5 times higher odds of obesity compared to the reference State (Sokoto). Conclusion: Sub-national variations exist in the prevalence of obesity among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Nigeria, even after adjusting for commonly reported predictors. There is therefore a need to identify state-level determinants of obesity, with a view to designing state-specific interventions to curb obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity among non-pregnant women in the 36 States and federal capital territory of Nigeria; sub-national variation of a national epidemic

Adeomi,

Akanji,

Okeyode

2023

Preprint

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Dietary Behaviour and Sociocultural Determinants of Dietary Diversity among Rural Women of Reproductive Age: A Case of Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Alamirew,

Lemke,

Stadlmayr

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Women of reproductive age have specific nutritional requirements due to pregnancy and lactation. Little is known about the sociocultural determinants of dietary diversity among women of reproductive age. This study assesses trends of dietary behaviour and associated determinants of dietary diversity of women of reproductive age. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Amhara region of Ethiopia in 2019. Using multistage systematic random sampling, the dietary diversity of n = 421 women of reproductive age was assessed by a qualitative 24 h dietary recall. Descriptive analysis revealed characteristics of dietary behaviour and a chi-square test enabled the identification of associated determinants of women’s dietary diversity. Only about a quarter (26.8%) of the women consumed five or more food groups per day and met the minimum dietary diversity score (MDD-W). Drawing on the socioecological framework, at an intrapersonal/individual level, women’s education, age, perception of nutritious diet, and frequency of consumption of animal-sourced foods, vegetables, and fruit were significantly associated with MDD-W. At an interpersonal/household level, the husbands’ education, women’s decision-making regarding food purchase/consumption, the family’s actual eating occasion, and women’s engagement in domestic and farming tasks were significantly associated with MDD-W. At a community level, access to clean water and especially cultural beliefs were significant determinants of MDD-W. Amharic proverbs and sayings prioritise men and pose severe restrictions on women regarding food allocation. The majority (76.7%) of women of reproductive age practise frequent religious fasting, relating to the institutional/national level. This undermines efforts to support healthy dietary behaviour of women of reproductive age. Indepth studies on religious and cultural practices are needed, to assess not only their negative effects on the dietary diversity of women of reproductive age but also on women’s lives.

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Country-Level Variations in Overweight and Obesity among Reproductive-Aged Women in Sub-Saharan Countries

Owobi

Okonji

Nzoputam

et al. 2022

Women

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Background: Overweight and obesity in adults are on the rise around the world, contributing significantly to noncommunicable disease deaths and disability. Women bear a disproportionate burden of obesity when compared with men, which has a negative impact on their health and the health of their children. The objective of this study was to examine the country-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan countries. Methods: A total of 504,264 women from 2006 to 2021 were examined using cross-sectional Demographic and Health Surveys data. The outcome variables for this study include: (a) women who are overweight according to body mass index (BMI) (25.0–29.9kg/m2); (b) women who are obese according to BMI (≥30.0 kg/m2). Results: Eswatini (28%), Mauritania (27%), South Africa (26%), Gabon, Lesotho and Ghana (25% each) had the highest prevalences of overweight. In addition, obesity prevalence was highest in South Africa (36%), Mauritania (27%), Eswatini (23%), Lesotho (20%), Gabon (19%) and Ghana (15%), respectively. Overweight and obesity were more prevalent among older women, those living in urban areas, women with secondary/higher education and those in the richest household wealth quintiles. Conclusion: The risk factors for overweight and obesity, as well as the role that lifestyle changes play in preventing obesity and the associated health risks, must be made more widely known. In order to identify those who are at risk of obesity, we also recommend that African countries regularly measure their citizens’ biometric characteristics.

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Individual and contextual predictors of overweight or obesity among women in Uganda: a spatio-temporal perspective

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Obesity among non-pregnant women in the 36 States and federal capital territory of Nigeria; sub-national variation of a national epidemic

Obesity among non-pregnant women in the 36 States and federal capital territory of Nigeria; sub-national variation of a national epidemic

Dietary Behaviour and Sociocultural Determinants of Dietary Diversity among Rural Women of Reproductive Age: A Case of Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Country-Level Variations in Overweight and Obesity among Reproductive-Aged Women in Sub-Saharan Countries

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