Individual and community level factors associated with anemia among lactating mothers in Ethiopia using data from Ethiopian demographic and health survey, 2016; a multilevel analysis

Liyew, Alemneh Mekuriaw; Teshale, Achamyeleh Birhanu

doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08934-9

Cited by 82 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our study also revealed that modern contraceptive use was associated with anemia in women of reproductive age. Using modern contraceptive methods reduces the prevalence of anemia and this is in concordance with different studies [20,32,48]. This is because women who used modern contraceptive methods prevent complications related to pregnancy and childbirth, which could eventually reduce the prevalence of anemia due to recurrent blood loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…According to different studies done worldwide; age [ 27 , 28 ], educational level [ 29 – 31 ], occupation [ 32 , 33 ], marital status [ 20 , 34 , 35 ], wealth status [ 20 , 21 , 29 , 30 , 36 ], sex of household head [ 32 , 37 , 38 ], media exposure [ 39 – 41 ], body mass index [ 20 , 29 , 35 , 42 ], type of toilet facility and source of drinking water [ 21 , 29 ], ever had of terminated pregnancy [ 39 , 43 , 44 ], parity [ 36 , 45 ], household size [ 46 , 47 ], modern contraceptive use [ 20 , 48 ], current pregnancy status [ 21 , 28 , 30 , 35 , 45 ], currently breastfeeding [ 30 , 39 ], residence [ 49 ], and community literacy level [ 32 ] are associated with anemia in women of reproductive age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anemia and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in eastern Africa: A multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model

Teshale¹,

Tesema²,

Worku³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Background Anemia in women of reproductive age is a major public health challenge for low-and middle-income countries with a long-term negative impact on the health of women, their children, and the economic growth of the society. Even though the world health organization targeted a 50% global reduction of anemia among women of reproductive age by 2025, with the current trend it is unlikely to achieve this goal. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among women of reproductive age in eastern Africa. Methods A secondary data analysis, using demographic and health survey (DHS) data of 10 eastern African countries, was conducted. For our study, a total weighted sample of 101524 women of reproductive age was used. We employed a multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model (using Poisson regression with robust error variance). Both unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios with their 95% confidence interval were reported. Results The prevalence of anemia in eastern Africa was 34.85 (95%CI: 34.56-35.14) ranging from 19.23% in Rwanda to 53.98% in Mozambique. In the multivariable multilevel analysis, being older age, having primary and above education, being from households with second to highest wealth quantiles, being currently working, not perceiving distance as a big problem, use of modern contraceptive methods, and rural residence was associated with a lower

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in eastern Africa: A multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model

Teshale¹,

Tesema²,

Worku³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…We also observed that a unit change in maternal parity had a significant positive effect on the Hb concentration of mothers in the two lower quantiles (5th and 10th) in Mozambique. These findings are inconsistent with some previous studies which suggest that higher parity is associated with increased odds of anaemia in women of reproductive age 25,[47][48][49] . For example, a study in Ethiopia observed that lactating mothers who had three or more births were at higher risk of anaemia relative mothers who had one birth 47 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…These findings are inconsistent with some previous studies which suggest that higher parity is associated with increased odds of anaemia in women of reproductive age 25,[47][48][49] . For example, a study in Ethiopia observed that lactating mothers who had three or more births were at higher risk of anaemia relative mothers who had one birth 47 . However, it is significant to point out that the present study did not treat parity as a categorical variable.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of socio-demographic factors on maternal haemoglobin concentration in three sub-Saharan African Countries

Amugsi

Dimbuene

Kyobutungi

2020

Sci Rep

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Low Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) among women of reproductive age is a severe public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigated the effects of putative socio-demographic factors on maternal Hb at different points of the conditional distribution of Hb concentration. We utilised quantile regression to analyse the Demographic and Health Surveys data from Ghana, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Mozambique. In Ghana, maternal schooling had a positive effect on Hb of mothers in the 5th and 10th quantiles. A one-year increase in education was associated with an increase in Hb across all quantiles in Mozambique. Conversely, a year increase in schooling was associated with a decrease in Hb of mothers in the three upper quantiles in DRC. A unit change in body mass index had a positive effect on Hb of mothers in the 5th, 10th, 50th and 90th, and 5th to 50th quantiles in Ghana and Mozambique, respectively. We observed differential effects of breastfeeding on maternal Hb across all quantiles in the three countries. The effects of socio-demographic factors on maternal Hb vary at the various points of its distribution. Interventions to address maternal anaemia should take these variations into account to identify the most vulnerable groups.

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“…Globally, 54.1% of anemia cases contribute to mild, 42.5% moderate, and 3.4% severe problems in all age groups of the population of the world ( 8 , 9 ). The magnitude of anemia among lactating mothers is 52.5% in South Asia ( 4 ), 60.3% in Myanmar, 20% in Nepal, 63% in India, and 28.3% in Ethiopia ( 4 , 6 , 10 , 11 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitudes of Anemia and Its Determinant Factors Among Lactating Mothers in East African Countries: Using the Generalized Mixed-Effect Model

et al. 2021

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Background: The number of studies on the magnitude of anemia and its determinant factors among lactating mothers is limited in East African countries regardless of its multivariate consequences. Even though few studies were conducted on the magnitude of anemia and its determinants, most of them focused on the country level and different parts of countries. Therefore, the current study is aimed to determine the magnitude of anemia and determinant factors among lactating mothers in East African countries.Methods: From nine East African countries, a total weighted sample of 25,425 lactating mothers was included in the study. Determinate factors of anemia were identified using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). Variables with a p < 0.05 in the final GLMM model were stated to confirm significant association with anemia.Result: The magnitude of anemia in East African countries was found to be 36.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 35.55%, 36.75%]. Besides, as for the generalized linear mixed-effect model, age, educational status, working status, country of residence, wealth index, antenatal care service, place of delivery, history of using family planning in a health facility, current pregnancy, and visited by fieldworker in the last 12 months were factors that have a significant association with anemia in lactating mothers.Conclusion: In East Africa, more than one-third of lactating mothers have anemia. The odds of anemia were significantly low among young mothers (15–34), who had primary education, were working, country of residence, and higher wealth index (middle and high). In addition, the likelihood of anemia was also low among lactating mothers who had antenatal care, used family planning, delivered at a health facility, were pregnant during the survey, and visited by fieldworkers. Therefore, promoting maternal care services (family planning, Antenatal Care (ANC), and delivery at health facilities) and a field visit by health extension workers are strongly recommended.

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Individual and community level factors associated with anemia among lactating mothers in Ethiopia using data from Ethiopian demographic and health survey, 2016; a multilevel analysis

Cited by 82 publications

References 29 publications

Anemia and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in eastern Africa: A multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model

Anemia and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in eastern Africa: A multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model

Differential effects of socio-demographic factors on maternal haemoglobin concentration in three sub-Saharan African Countries

Magnitudes of Anemia and Its Determinant Factors Among Lactating Mothers in East African Countries: Using the Generalized Mixed-Effect Model

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