Indigenous Purple Vegetable Extracts Protect against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced DNA Damage in Human Lymphocytes

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to identify the antioxidants in acid hydrolysates of six of Taiwan’s indigenous purple-leaved vegetables (IPLV), including purple-leaved sweet potato (<em>Ipomoea batatas</em> L. Lamark), purple-leaved gynura line 1 (<em>Gynura bicolor</em> D.C.), purple-leaved gynura line 2 (<em>Gynura bicolor</em> D.C.), purple-leaved perilla line 1 (<em>Perilla frutescents</em> L. Britton), bicolored-leaved perilla line 2 (<em>Perilla frutescens</em> L. Britton), and heartleaf houttuynia (<em>Houttuynia cordata</em> Thumb.). Their antioxidant activity and ability to protect DNA from oxidative damage was also evaluated. The antioxidants identified included flavonoids, anthocyanidins and flavonols. Both purple-leaved perilla line 1 and bicolored-leaved perilla line 2 were found to be abundant in cynidin, malvidin, and myricetin. Moreover, purple-leaved sweet potato and heartleaf houttuynia were found to be abundant in quercetin. Purple-leaved sweet potato and purple-leaved perilla line 1 contained significantly higher inhibition percentages of conjugated diene formation than other vegetables. Purple-leaved sweet potato, heartleaf houttuynia, purple-leaved perilla line 1, and bicolored-leaved perilla line 2 had better inhibition percentages of tail DNA% and tail moment in the study. In conclusion, the abovementioned four indigenous purple-leaved vegetables abounded in antioxidants had strong antioxidant activity for protecting DNA in lymphocytes from oxidative damages

Development of Novel Markers and Creation of Non-Anthocyanin and Anthocyanin-Rich Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Cultivars

“…For humans, the antioxidant function of anthocyanins allows them to serve as strong free radical scavengers against many chronic health issues related to aging, mutagenesis, and cardiovascular diseases [11,15]. Purple vegetables, including purple-leaved sweet potato, heartleaf houttuynia, purple-leaved perilla line 1, and bicolored-leaved perilla line 2, can protect lymphocyte DNA against oxidative damage due to their strong antioxidant activities [16]. A study showed that red kale extracts at a concentration of 2500 µg/mL were effective in inhibiting cancer cell growth and increasing the death rate of cancer cells [17].…”

Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extracts from Selected Taiwanese Herbaceous Plants

“…Moreover, acidic methanolic extracts of MA and Houttuynia cordata (HC) significantly suppressed oxidative damage to lymphocyte DNA [15]. Over the past decade, we have evaluated more than 50 edible plant samples representing highly consumed and under-utilized plant species using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity methods to investigate the antioxidant activity of their water-and methanol-soluble antioxidants in plant extracts [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Purple sweet potato antioxidants for oxidative stress caused by intense physical exercise

“…One of the four purple leafy vegetables is purple sweet potato. The antioxidants identified were flavonoids, anthocyanins, and flavonols (Chao et al, 2013). Another anthocyanin content, peonidin 3-caffeoyl-phydroxybenzoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside, was previously discovered in purple sweet potatoes, further affirming the antioxidant profile of purple sweet potatoes (Truong et al, 2010).…”