Development of Novel Markers and Creation of Non-Anthocyanin and Anthocyanin-Rich Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Cultivars

Abstract

In broccoli, anthocyanin pigments can be accumulated in the flower bud epidermis, resulting in a purple-green head. This study aimed to create non-anthocyanin green broccoli varieties and anthocyanin-rich purple broccoli varieties using new F3′H and Pur7.1-K1 molecular markers, respectively. The breeding program started with crosses of the recipient (superior variety and line) LF02 line with the donor line SN60 carrying the recessive allele f3′h and the donor line BT126 carrying the dominant allele Pur7.1. The F1 hybrids were confirmed with molecular markers and backcrossed with the recurrent parent LF02, followed by cycles of foreground and background selection at each stage. A total of 161 green plants with the f3′hf3′h genotype and 152 purple plants with the Pur7.1Pur7.1 genotype were selected from the BC3F2 line. Among these, 34 green plants and 28 purple plants demonstrated >85% background recovery. The identified plants were selfed to obtain 301 green and 416 purple BC3F3 plants for assessment of major agronomic traits. After these investigations, two green broccoli lines without anthocyanin and three anthocyanin-rich purple lines with the best yield/quality characteristics were obtained. The development of these lines might help provide basic materials and the theoretical basis for breeding commercial broccoli varieties.

Comparative Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses of Broccoli Germplasms with Purple and Green Curds Reveal the Structural Genes and Transitional Regulators Regulating Color Formation

“…In our transcriptome analysis, one CYP75B/BolC09g064000.2J was among the DEGs that exhibited much higher expressions in the PB767 lines compared with GB767, and qRT-PCR experiments confirmed that the expression level of CYP75B/BolC09g064000.2J was significantly higher in sepals of PB767. Consistent with an earlier study in broccoli [ 45 ], we also identified a 43 bp deletion in the 2nd exon of CYP75B/BolC09g064000.2J in GB767, resulting in an F3′H transcript with a premature stop codon. The nonsense transcripts of F3′H could lead to the reduction in cyanidins, and accordingly, the content of cyanidin-3-O-sophorotrioside in the curds, compared with PB767, decreased dramatically in GB767.…”

Phenotypic characteristics and genetic diversity of new broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) varieties in China

“…In our study, among 36 characteristics of 111 broccoli varieties, the coefficient of variation of anthocyanin coloration was the highest, indicating a large significant variation with anthocyanin coloration in the materials tested. Richness in anthocyanins has attracted more and more attention as an essential trait in purple broccoli breeding (Liu et al, 2022a). Anthocyanin-rich varieties of broccoli could be used as the primary material for anthocyanin research in the future.…”

Mainstreaming production and nutrient resilience of vegetable crops in megacities: pre-breeding for terrace cultivation

“…As a result, the leaf color changes from green to yellow, which weakens the color-masking effect of chlorophyll ( Sun et al., 2020 ). In broccoli, a QTL mapping study indicates that two QTLs named Pur7.1 and Pur9.1 facilitate the biosynthesis of anthocyanin, and induce the purple cauliflower phenotype ( Liu et al., 2022 ). Further, the CRISPR mutation of BolMYB28 increases glucoraphanin content in the leaves ( Kim et al., 2022 ), which induces a healthcare usage of broccoli.…”