Indigenous Elders’ Experiences, Vulnerabilities and Coping during Hazard Evacuation: The Case of the 2011 Sandy Lake First Nation Wildfire Evacuation

Asfaw, Henok Workeye; McGee, Tara K.; Christianson, Amy Cardinal

doi:10.1080/08941920.2020.1745976

Cited by 17 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…While limited literature exists to identify which subgroup is at greatest risk, key factors can nonetheless help to identify elevated risk among minority populations. Communities with greater language barriers, including Hispanic and indigenous residents, are more likely to face challenges as it relates to heeding evacuation warnings and health guidelines (e.g., tips to reducing smoke exposure) that are disseminated in English, as well as maintaining comfort among health providers [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These massive wildfires cause serious health impacts, ranging from air pollution impacts to fire-related mortality and mental stress [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. During wildfire episodes, smoke often results in two- to fourfold increases in concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ), a form of air pollution widely associated with respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease, as well as all-cause mortality and hospital admissions [ 13 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PM 2.5 levels exceeding the 24 h national standard of 35 μg/m 3 have been reported during wildfire events in southern California, with concentrations in some cases over 10 times (>230 μg/m 3 ) higher than background levels [ 19 , 20 ]. Importantly, wildfire impacts to individuals may be exacerbated depending on the socioeconomic characteristics of affected communities [ 14 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Disproportionate Impacts of Wildfires among Elderly and Low-Income Communities in California from 2000–2020

Masri

Scaduto

Jin

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Wildfires can be detrimental to urban and rural communities, causing impacts in the form of psychological stress, direct physical injury, and smoke-related morbidity and mortality. This study examined the area burned by wildfires over the entire state of California from the years 2000 to 2020 in order to quantify and identify whether burned area and fire frequency differed across Census tracts according to socioeconomic indicators over time. Wildfire data were obtained from the California Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) and National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC), while demographic data were obtained from the American Community Survey. Results showed a doubling in the number of Census tracts that experienced major wildfires and a near doubling in the number of people residing in wildfire-impacted Census tracts, mostly due to an over 23,000 acre/year increase in the area burned by wildfires over the last two decades. Census tracts with a higher fire frequency and burned area had lower proportions of minority groups on average. However, when considering Native American populations, a greater proportion resided in highly impacted Census tracts. Such Census tracts also had higher proportions of older residents. In general, high-impact Census tracts tended to have higher proportions of low-income residents and lower proportions of high-income residents, as well as lower median household incomes and home values. These findings are important to policymakers and state agencies as it relates to environmental justice and the allocation of resources before, during, and after wildfires in the state of California.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disproportionate Impacts of Wildfires among Elderly and Low-Income Communities in California from 2000–2020

Masri

Scaduto

Jin

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…One of the critical needs of any knowledge system in any culture is fulfilled by individuals who are recognized by other community members as mature, highly knowledgeable, and competent leaders (e.g., sage, shaman, emeritus, etc.). Elders carry not only the accumulated DIKW from their own lived experiences, but also serve as living repositories of “traditional” knowledge and wisdom that had been created in previous generations and passed down through time (Purcell 1998, Von Gernet 2000, Martin et al 2017, Asfaw et al 2020). It is important to note that not all individuals recognized as Elders within a community are necessarily advanced in years; every culture has its form of “old souls,” younger people who behave with maturity and wisdom well beyond the norms of their age.…”

Section: Knowledge System Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cultural framework for Indigenous, Local, and Science knowledge systems in ecology and natural resource management

Varghese

Crawford

2020

Ecological Monographs

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The relationship between Indigenous, Local, and Science knowledge systems has been the subject of much debate over the past few decades, especially in ecology and natural resource management. In this monograph, we review available scholarship to develop a pragmatic framework for representation of knowledge systems in general, with specific emphasis on productive engagement between individuals from different communities and cultures. We distill operational definitions/explanations of fundamental concepts associated with data, information, knowledge, and wisdom. With these concepts clarified, we reconsider previous applications of sociocultural knowledge system thinking, focusing on system structure and function. Our analysis leads to convergence on a set of fundamental knowledge system processes and actor roles that have emerged repeatedly across many of the scholarly disciplines. We embed these key concepts within a general framework for operational characterization of sociocultural knowledge systems. In order to demonstrate existing and potential applications of the knowledge system framework, we present and discuss major trends in recent ecology and natural resource management literature. Finally, we propose that continued and collaborative development of this general framework can serve as a pragmatic tool for individuals from Indigenous, Local, and Science knowledge systems who wish to engage in reciprocal and meaningful dialogue with members of other knowledge systems, especially regarding the highly uncertain global future of ecology and natural resource management.

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“…Preexisting social and economic inequities and past historical trauma also attribute to Indigenous residents’ experience of a disaster evacuation and displacement ( Dodd et al, 2018 ; Dunbar-Ortiz, 2014 ). For instance, Indigenous communities often experience poorer access to health care and significantly higher rates of disease, which further exacerbates vulnerabilities and their ability to cope during a disaster ( Asfaw et al, 2019 , 2020 ). Furthermore, past experiences have shown that the impacts of disasters can have severe consequences for the health, livelihood, and the economic well-being of Indigenous communities ( Christianson, 2015 ; McGee et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Indigenous Ways of Coping After a Wildfire Disaster in Northern Alberta, Canada

et al. 2021

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In May 2016, a wildfire devastated a northern region of Alberta, Canada, resulting in negative consequences on physical and mental stress, social relationships, and overall resilience among Indigenous residents. Research on coping and managing stress following a disaster has failed to incorporate unique characteristics from Indigenous perspectives. Sharing circles were held in urban and rural community settings to capture: (a) Indigenous perspectives of coping, (b) individual and collective strengths that helped Indigenous residents and communities to cope during and after the wildfire, and (c) intergenerational experiences of coping from stress among Indigenous residents. Indigenous residents’ experience with coping from the wildfire was shaped by: (a) heightened physical and emotional stress, (b) existing structural inequities, and (c) strong community cohesion and connection to culture. An unexpected outcome of this research was the therapeutic value of the sharing circles for participants to share their experience.

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Indigenous Elders’ Experiences, Vulnerabilities and Coping during Hazard Evacuation: The Case of the 2011 Sandy Lake First Nation Wildfire Evacuation

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Disproportionate Impacts of Wildfires among Elderly and Low-Income Communities in California from 2000–2020

Disproportionate Impacts of Wildfires among Elderly and Low-Income Communities in California from 2000–2020

A cultural framework for Indigenous, Local, and Science knowledge systems in ecology and natural resource management

Exploring Indigenous Ways of Coping After a Wildfire Disaster in Northern Alberta, Canada

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