Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e prevenção secundária de câncer de mama e colo do útero: um estudo ecológico

Abstract

Estudo ecológico que analisou a proporção da realização de mamografia e do exame de Papanicolaou e a associação destes com o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH), nas 26 capitais brasileiras e Distrito Federal, em 2011, com dados do VIGITEL. A proporção de mamografia em algum momento da vida esteve acima de 70% para todas as capitais estudadas. Entretanto, poucas capitais atingiram a meta de 80% para o Papanicolaou, tanto para a realização em algum momento da vida como nos últimos três anos. Houve forte correlação positiva entre IDH e as proporções desses exames (r = 0,52 e 0,66 para realização de mamografia em algum momento da vida e nos últimos dois anos e r = 0,66 e 0,71 para realização do Papanicolaou em algum momento da vida e nos últimos três anos, respectivamente). A razão de prevalência de mamografia nos últimos dois anos foi 1,06 (IC95%: 1,01-1,10) e para o Papanicolaou nos últimos três anos foi 1,07 (IC95%: 1,04-1,10). A promoção de políticas públicas que incentivem o desenvolvimento socioeconômico das cidades brasileiras favoreceria o aumento da cobertura desses exames.

Quality of cervical cancer screening in Brazil: external assessment of the PMAQ

“…The finding coincides with other Brazilian studies suggesting a lower capacity for health investment in poorer municipalities, which concentrate a larger proportion of vulnerable social groups 6 , 24 . The VIGITEL (2011) 19 has also found strong positive correlation between the rate of Pap smear at some time in life and in the last three years and the HDI of the municipalities studied.…”

Palliative therapy in adults with cancer: a cross-sectional study

“…For example: reduction of maternal mortality, prevention of breast cancer, campaign against HPV (Human Papilloma Virus), among others. Nevertheless, the exponential number of cases of cancer is found in women (4) . This information corroborates the data found in this study: 60.5% (n = 75) of women and 39.5% (n = 49) of men started palliative cancer therapy.…”

“…This information corroborates the data found in this study: 60.5% (n = 75) of women and 39.5% (n = 49) of men started palliative cancer therapy. A woman with low income, low education, no private health insurance, without a partner, resident in a rural area or further away from the place for medical examinations is less likely to seek preventive care for diseases such as cancer (4) . The data from the study corroborate the description above and it is added that the hospital where the study was performed provides care to cancer patients from several cities in Paraná, including residents from distant and rural locations, which may have contributed to the results.…”

“…These characteristics, together with the difficulties that emerge from this profile -such as the lack of financial and structural conditions for the diagnostic tests for cancer -may have reflected in the late search for care and the diagnosis of advanced cancer. Relevant and priority factors for performing preventive tests for cancer include: age, education, income, race, marital status, type of health system used and distance to cover to perform the tests (4) . The data show that most of the patients in palliative therapy in the study are women, in the age group 40-59 years of age.…”

“…In Brazil, the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (Inca) foresees 600 thousand new cases of cancer for the 2016-2017 biennium, due to early diagnosis and screening, and a significant inversion of the age pyramid is added as potentiator of these indicators (3) . Socioeconomic, regional and individual indicators are independent predictors of incidence, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of oncological diseases (4) . Studies related to these complexities have updated their concepts.…”