Índice de alimentação saudável para gestantes: adaptação para uso em gestantes brasileiras

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate dietary quality in a sample of pregnant women based on one simple and objective parameter. METHODS:Pregnant women (n = 712), between 16 and 36 weeks, attending primary care clinics in Porto Alegre and Bento Gonçalves, Southern Brazil, in 2010 were recruited to take part. The Healthy Eating Index for Brazilian Pregnancy (HEIP-B) was created, derived from the American instrument called Alternate Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P). Questionnaires on frequency of consumption and on socio-demographic factors were completed. Focused principal component analysis (ACPF) was used to assess the relationship between the index and nutrients relevant to pregnancy. RESULTS:The median (interquartile range) of AHEI-P and HEIP-B were 66.6 (57.8-72.4) and 67.4 (60.0-73.4), respectively. The HEIP-B showed a good positive correlation with nutrients which are specifi cally recommended for pregnancy: folate (r = 0.8; p < 0.001), calcium (r = 0.6; p < 0.001) and iron (r = 0.7; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:The quality of the diet of the pregnant women in this study was classifi ed as within the "improvements needed" cut off point, which demonstrates the need for more specifi c education on nutrition for this stage of life. The index showed good correlations and, thus, may be considered an effective tool for assessing the quality of nutrition during pregnancy. DESCRIPTORS: Pregnant Women. Prenatal Nutrition. Nutrition Assessment. Diet Surveys, utilization. Food Habits. Food and Nutrition Education. HEIP-B: proposal for Brazilian pregnant women Melere C et alPregnancy is a period during which nutritional necessities increase, and appropriate nutrition is essential to the health of mother and baby. Pregnant women should consume specifi c varieties and quantities of foods, bearing in mind dietary guidelines and cultural eating habits, in order to meet energy and nutrition needs and to follow weight gain recommendations. a From a public health perspective, previous diagnosis and assessment of subsequent food intake in order to determine the prevalence of appropriate consumption is as important as correct guidance. The study of dietary intake is a complex process, as nutrition involves biological, socio-economic, cultural and symbolic dimensions.

Diet, Pre-pregnancy BMI, and Gestational Weight Gain in Puerto Rican Women

“…Adequate nutrition is important in all life stages, but in pregnancy, it takes a special emphasis [2]. Nutritional requirements increase during pregnancy and an adequate nutrition is necessary for the mother and baby’s health and for an adequate GWG [3]. Studies have found that the main determinants of GWG are pre-pregnancy weight status and dietary patterns [4].…”

Qualidade da dieta de gestantes em uma unidade básica de saúde em Belém do Pará: um estudo piloto

“…Nossos achados corroboram com os resultados de Melere et al 7 , em que gestantes avaliadas apresentaram dieta que necessitava de modificações. De acordo com Hedrinch et al 5 , quanto menor a renda, menor o poder de compra e acesso a uma alimentação variada.…”

“…Em estudo realizado por Melere et al 7 , foi utilizada uma versão modificada do IAS para avaliar a alimentação das gestantes, analisando também dez componentes (vegetais, feijão e outros vegetais ricos em proteínas, frutas, razão carne branca/carne vermelha, fibra, gordura trans razão poli-insaturada/saturada, cálcio, folato e ferro). O estudo de Maeba 8 aplicou o IAS adaptado para gestantes e analisou dez componentes, sendo eles: grupos de alimentos da pirâmide alimentar, gordura total e saturada, colesterol, cálcio e variedade da dieta, mostrando-se o índice uma boa ferramenta para a análise global da dieta das gestantes.…”

The relationship of food, water intake and esthetic changes during pregnancy

“…A woman, who has a healthy diet throughout your life, will have benefits during the gestational period with less vitamin and minerals deficiencies. These deficiencies can lead to problems in the fetus development, but also the aesthetic disorders 53,54 . The low adherence to physical activity observed is thought to be due to discomfort upon leisure activities requiring a large energy expenditure such as, for example, sports activities and walks in the park 55 .…”