Indicators of Obesity and Cardio-metabolic Risks: Important Consideration in Adults and Children

Soheilipour, Fahimeh; Hatami, Mahsa; Salehiniya, Hamid; Alaei, Mohammadreza

doi:10.2174/1573399817666210716122123

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…This is an interesting finding since clinicians often rely on measurement of total body fat to confer risk of cardiometabolic abnormalities. The distribution of body fat matters more than total body fat when related to cardiometabolic risk, as abdominal obesity plays a central role in the development of cardiometabolic abnormalities [ 45 ]. Suggested pathways through which visceral fat negatively impacts the metabolic profile include production of inflammatory mediators and increased rate of fatty acid release [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal volume index, waist-to-height ratio, and waist circumference are optimal predictors of cardiometabolic abnormalities in a sample of Lebanese adults: A cross-sectional study

Abboud,

Haidar,

Mahboub

et al. 2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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The prevalence of cardiometabolic abnormalities is high globally. This is concerning since these abnormalities increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Using noninvasive, low-cost, and ethnic-specific anthropometric indices is crucial for widespread screening and early detection of cardiometabolic abnormalities. In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 221 Lebanese participants (62.9% females; mean age: 43.36 ± 16.05 years; mean body mass index (BMI): 28.43 ± 6.10 Kg/m2). The main outcome measure was cardiometabolic abnormality (CMA), defined as the presence of at least two or more non-anthropometric components of the Metabolic Syndrome. Several anthropometric indices: Total body fat percent, Conicity index, Abdominal volume index (AVI), Weight-adjusted-waist index, Waist circumference (WC), Neck circumference, Hip circumference, Waist-to-hip ratio, Waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), Neck-to-height ratio, and BMI were assessed in their prediction of CMA, using logistic regression modelling and c-statistic [95% confidence intervals (CIs)], and calibration plots, as well sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values measures. The Benjamini-Hochberg correction procedure was used to correct for multiple testing. The prevalence of CMA was 52.0% (47.5% in females and 59.8% in males). Significant associations were found between all the anthropometric indices and CMA, except for neck-to-height ratio. AVI and WC were most predictive for CMA in the total sample. WtHR and WC were most predictive in females with suggested cut-off values of 0.58 and 91.25 cm, whereas AVI and WC were most predictive in males with suggested cut-off values of 19.61 and 101.50 cm. The neck-to-height measurement had the lowest predictive ability for CMA. Adding anthropometric indices to sociodemographic variables did not significantly improve model discrimination. AVI, WHtR, and WC best predicted CMA in a sample of Lebanese adults. These less invasive, low-cost, easy-to-measure indices can be used to screen widely for CMA to better manage and prevent disease and subsequent morbidity and mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal volume index, waist-to-height ratio, and waist circumference are optimal predictors of cardiometabolic abnormalities in a sample of Lebanese adults: A cross-sectional study

Abboud,

Haidar,

Mahboub

et al. 2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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“…2017; Soheilipour et al . 2022). Body weight and height were measured with the participants wearing light clothing and without shoes using a SECA model 206 digital scale and a portable stadiometer, respectively, according to the World Health Organization protocol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indicators of overweight/obesity used in the present study were body weight (kilograms), height (metres), BMI (kilograms per square metre) and WHR (Jabłonowska-Lietz et al 2017;Soheilipour et al 2022). Body weight and height were measured with the participants wearing light clothing and without shoes using a SECA model 206 digital scale and a portable stadiometer, respectively, according to the World Health Organization protocol.…”

Section: Indicators Of Overweight/obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cut‐off points for isometric handgrip and low limb explosive strength in relation to indicators of overweight/obesity in people with intellectual disabilities: analysis by age groups

Ferrero-Hernández

Farías‐Valenzuela

Ferrari

et al. 2023

J intellect Disabil Res

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BackgroundThe prevalence of overweight/obesity has been increasing globally and in people with Intellectual Disabilities (IDs), this problem is exacerbated even more, which added to a low physical condition that contributes to the deterioration of functionality and increases the risk of developing chronic diseases in the course of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish cut‐off points for levels of isometric handgrip and low limb explosive strength in children, adolescents and adults, which identify overweight/obesity in people with IDs and their respective associations.MethodsThe sample was made up of 131 individuals with IDs, belonging to four special and community educational centres in the city of Santiago, Chile. Body mass index (BMI) and waist‐to‐height ratio (WHR) were used as indicators of overweight/obesity. Handgrip strength was used as a measure of isometric strength, and countermovement jump was used as a measure of low limb explosive strength. For the comparison of variables by age group, the analysis of Ancova, Kruskal–Wallis and chi‐square tests were used. The total area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of isometric handgrip and low limb explosive strength was identified as an indicator of overweight/obesity according to age groups. A logistic regression model was used to quantify the effect that strength categories below the cut‐off point have on the risk of overweight and obesity.ResultsSignificant differences were observed between the age groups for body weight, height, BMI and WHR, as well as in the levels of absolute handgrip strength and vertical jump with countermovement (P ≤ 0.05). Children showed the lowest cut‐off points for absolute and relative strength. The adolescent group showed the highest cut‐off points for relative strength and countermovement jump and adults showed the highest value for absolute strength as indicators of overweight/obesity. Different associations between cut‐off points with BMI and WHR were found.ConclusionsAdolescents showed the highest cut‐off point for relative strength and countermovement jump, and adults showed the highest value for absolute strength, according to overweight/obesity indicators (BMI and WHR). It is suggested to adjust resistance training programmes according to age categories for the prevention of overweight/obesity in people with IDs.

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“…This applies both in regard to percentual contribution to body weight, and the variable intrinsic structure and density of non-fat tissue throughout specific growth phases (i.e., bone mineralization in accordance with growth stage for example). In addition, growth stage charts only take into consideration the relationship between BMI and gender and age, with no regard concerning the wide range of acceptable values for height in children of a certain age, in and of itself an important marker for the growth stage of a child and, implicitly, the corresponding physiologically variable body composition [79]. A further aspect in which body composition plays a major role is in regard to race.…”

Section: Obesity Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causative Mechanisms of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity Leading to Adult Cardiometabolic Disease: A Literature Review

et al. 2021

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The past few decades have shown a worrisome increase in the prevalence of obesity and its related illnesses. This increasing burden has a noteworthy impact on overall worldwide mortality and morbidity, with significant economic implications as well. The same trend is apparent regarding pediatric obesity. This is a particularly concerning aspect when considering the well-established link between cardiovascular disease and obesity, and the fact that childhood obesity frequently leads to adult obesity. Moreover, most obese adults have a history of excess weight starting in childhood. In addition, given the cumulative character of both time and severity of exposure to obesity as a risk factor for associated diseases, the repercussions of obesity prevalence and related morbidity could be exponential in time. The purpose of this review is to outline key aspects regarding the current knowledge on childhood and adolescent obesity as a cardiometabolic risk factor, as well as the most common etiological pathways involved in the development of weight excess and associated cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

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Indicators of Obesity and Cardio-metabolic Risks: Important Consideration in Adults and Children

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

Abdominal volume index, waist-to-height ratio, and waist circumference are optimal predictors of cardiometabolic abnormalities in a sample of Lebanese adults: A cross-sectional study

Abdominal volume index, waist-to-height ratio, and waist circumference are optimal predictors of cardiometabolic abnormalities in a sample of Lebanese adults: A cross-sectional study

Cut‐off points for isometric handgrip and low limb explosive strength in relation to indicators of overweight/obesity in people with intellectual disabilities: analysis by age groups

Causative Mechanisms of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity Leading to Adult Cardiometabolic Disease: A Literature Review

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