Indentation Size Effect of Heat Treated Aluminum Alloy

Petrík, Jozef; Blaško, Peter; Vasilňáková, Andrea; Demeter, Peter; Futáš, Peter

doi:10.12776/ams.v25i3.1310

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For that purpose, the dependencies of the (δ/d) m on the RID for the Cu coatings of thicknesses of 10, 20, 40 and 60 µm were measured and are shown in Figure 6. The exponent m represents the composite Meyer s index for a composite system, and it is calculated by the linear regression performed on all experimental points for the examined coating-substrate system [30,38,45,46]. The values of exponent m with R-squared values on ln(P)-ln(d) charts, obtained for the coatings of various thicknesses and 12 applied load points, are given in Table 2.…”

Section: Hardness Analysis Of Copper Coatings Electrodeposited On the Brassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Composite Hardness Models in the Analysis of Mechanical Characteristics of Electrolytically Deposited Copper Coatings: The Effect of the Type of Substrate

Mladenović

Nikolić

Lamovec³

et al. 2021

Metals

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The mechanical characteristics of electrochemically deposited copper coatings have been examined by application of two hardness composite models: the Chicot-Lesage (C-L) and the Cheng-Gao (C-G) models. The 10, 20, 40 and 60 µm thick fine-grained Cu coatings were electrodeposited on the brass by the regime of pulsating current (PC) at an average current density of 50 mA cm−2, and were characterized by scanning electron (SEM), atomic force (AFM) and optical (OM) microscopes. By application of the C-L model we determined a limiting relative indentation depth (RID) value that separates the area of the coating hardness from that with a strong effect of the substrate on the measured composite hardness. The coating hardness values in the 0.9418–1.1399 GPa range, obtained by the C-G model, confirmed the assumption that the Cu coatings on the brass belongs to the “soft film on hard substrate” composite hardness system. The obtained stress exponents in the 4.35–7.69 range at an applied load of 0.49 N indicated that the dominant creep mechanism is the dislocation creep and the dislocation climb. The obtained mechanical characteristics were compared with those recently obtained on the Si(111) substrate, and the effects of substrate characteristics such as hardness and roughness on the mechanical characteristics of the electrodeposited Cu coatings were discussed and explained.

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Section: Hardness Analysis Of Copper Coatings Electrodeposited On the Brassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Composite Hardness Models in the Analysis of Mechanical Characteristics of Electrolytically Deposited Copper Coatings: The Effect of the Type of Substrate

Mladenović

Nikolić

Lamovec³

et al. 2021

Metals

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“…The indentation size effect is clearly visible from the SEM micrographs shown in Figure 8, showing the Vickers's indents. The formation of a pile-up [27,[56][57][58][59] at the edge of the indent is clearly visible from Figure 8b for the softer copper coating produced from electrolyte II. The pile-up effect is not visible around the indent for the Cu coating produced from electrolyte I (Figure 8a), where the dominant effect is plastic deformation of the coating under the indenter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As already shown, the composite hardness of the coatings depends on the applied load (Figures 5 and 6). The load-dependence of composite hardness is called the indentation size effect (ISE) [54][55][56][57][58][59]. This effect can be modeled in two ways: empirically (according to Meyer's power law relationship [16,20,[57][58][59]) or according to the PSR model [54], i.e., as a linear function between the hardness and the reciprocal value of indentation diagonal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The load-dependence of composite hardness is called the indentation size effect (ISE) [54][55][56][57][58][59]. This effect can be modeled in two ways: empirically (according to Meyer's power law relationship [16,20,[57][58][59]) or according to the PSR model [54], i.e., as a linear function between the hardness and the reciprocal value of indentation diagonal. The indentation size effect is clearly visible from the SEM micrographs shown in Figure 8, showing the Vickers's indents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural, Mechanical and Electrical Characteristics of Copper Coatings Obtained by Various Electrodeposition Processes

et al. 2022

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Mechanical (hardness and adhesion) and electrical (sheet resistance) characteristics of electrolytically produced copper coatings have been investigated. Morphologies of Cu coatings produced galvanostatically at two current densities from the basic sulfate electrolyte and from an electrolyte containing levelling/brightening additives without and with application of ultrasound for the electrolyte stirring were characterized by SEM and AFM techniques. Mechanical characteristics were examined by Vickers microindentation using the Chen–Gao (C–G) composite hardness model, while electrical characteristics were examined by the four-point probe method. Application of ultrasound achieved benefits on both hardness and adhesion of the Cu coatings, thereby the use of both the larger current density and additive-free electrolyte improved these mechanical characteristics. The hardness of Cu coatings calculated according to the C–G model was in the 1.1844–1.2303 GPa range for fine-grained Cu coatings obtained from the sulfate electrolyte and in the 0.8572–1.1507 GPa range for smooth Cu coatings obtained from the electrolyte with additives. Analysis of the electrical characteristics of Cu coatings after an aging period of 4 years showed differences in the sheet resistance between the top and the bottom sides of the coating, which is attributed to the formation of a thin oxide layer on the coating surface area.

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“…Thermal phenomena occur differently for each material. Therefore, abrasive processing should take into account the latest scientific advances in this area such as:  hard alloys [11],  ceramics [12],  polymorphic metals [13],  aluminum alloys [14][15][16],  composite materials [17],  steels [18][19][20][21]. In the new millennium, the number of publications on the problem of thermal modeling has increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of the Thermal Process of Abrasive Metal Working

Oleksenko

2021

Acta Metall Slovaca

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The main problem that arises from grinding metal is the generation of a large amount of heat. Exceeding a critical temperature will damage the part. However, determining the heat of the metal being processed is a difficult task both practically and theoretically. The correct choice of parameters for the abrasive processing is essential to obtain the required quality. This article describes a mathematical model that simulates the determination of the maximum heat on the surface of a metal part during grinding. This model features the ability to change the initial parameters so that the resulting temperature does not exceed the critical one. The model has been tested by a specially developed web application written in JavaScript. It not only calculates the highest temperature in the machining zone of the workpiece, but also optimizes the thermal grinding process to give appropriate recommendations. The features of such a program are disclosed, including its practical use in production.

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Indentation Size Effect of Heat Treated Aluminum Alloy

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Application of the Composite Hardness Models in the Analysis of Mechanical Characteristics of Electrolytically Deposited Copper Coatings: The Effect of the Type of Substrate

Application of the Composite Hardness Models in the Analysis of Mechanical Characteristics of Electrolytically Deposited Copper Coatings: The Effect of the Type of Substrate

Structural, Mechanical and Electrical Characteristics of Copper Coatings Obtained by Various Electrodeposition Processes

Optimization of the Thermal Process of Abrasive Metal Working

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