Indentation Creep Properties Evolution of Lead-Free Solder Joints Subjected to Thermal Cycling

Belhadi, Mohamed El Amine; Wei, Xin; Qasaimeh, Qais; Vyas, Palash Pranav; Zhao, Rong; HMasha, Ehab; Ali, Duha; Suhling, Jeff; Hamasha, Sa’d; Lall, Pradeep; Ali, Haneen; Prorok, Barton C.

doi:10.1109/itherm54085.2022.9899582

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Thus, it is ultimately necessary to incorporate the effect of the Ag percentages (Ag%) of the solder mechanical properties during the FE modeling analysis processes for accurate and efficient estimations of solder damage behavior. Belhadi et al (2022), discussed the growth of the IMC layers of packages with SAC 1 Bismuth of various silver content and SAC305 solders due to thermal loads. They have found that smaller lesser Ag content in the solder composition leads to lower growth rate of the IMC layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical evaluation of the mechanical response of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-free solders of various silver contents

Gharaibeh,

Al-Oqla

2023

SSMT

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Purpose There are several lead-free solder alloys available in the industry. Over the years, the most favorable solder composition of tin-silver-copper (Sn-Ag-Cu [SAC]) has been vastly used and accepted for joining the electronic components. It is strongly believed that the silver (Ag) content has a significant impact on the solder mechanical behavior and thus solder thermal reliability performance. This paper aims to assess the mechanical response, i.e. creep response, of the SAC solder alloys with various Ag contents. Design/methodology/approach A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element simulation is used to investigate the thermal cyclic behavior of several SAC solder alloys with various silver percentages, including 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. The mechanical properties of the unleaded interconnects with various Ag amounts are collected from reliable literature resources and used in the analysis accordingly. Furthermore, the solder creep behavior is examined using the two famous creep laws, namely, Garofalo’s and Anand’s models. Findings The nonlinear computational analysis results showed that the silver content has a great influence on the solder behavior as well as on thermal fatigue life expectancy. Specifically, solders with relatively high Ag content are expected to have lower plastic deformations and strains and thus better fatigue performance due to their higher strengths and failure resistance characteristics. However, such solders would have contrary fatigue performance in drop and shock environments and the low-Ag content solders are presumed to perform significantly better because of their higher ductility. Originality/value Generally, this research recommends the use of SAC solder interconnects of high silver contents, e.g. 3% and 4%, for designing electronic assemblies continuously exposed to thermal loadings and solders with relatively low Ag-content, i.e. 1% and 2%, for electronic packages under impact and shock loadings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Belhadi et al (2022), discussed the growth of the IMC layers of packages with SAC + Bismuth of various silver content and SAC305 solders due to thermal loads. They have found that smaller lesser Ag content in the solder composition leads to lower growth rate of the IMC layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%