Incubation Period and Other Features of Food-Borne and Water-Borne Outbreaks of Typhoid Fever in Relation to Pathogenesis and Genetics of Resistance

Naylor, G. R. E.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91395-8

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Typhoid fever is a disease which requires new approaches for chemotherapy to overcome the problems of drug resistance and high relapse rates with this illness in different parts of the world (3,11,21,25,43). Plasmid-mediated resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and other agents presently used to treat systemic salmonellosis is an ever-present problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral ciprofloxacin treatment for Salmonella typhimurium infection of normal and immunocompromised mice

Brünner

Zeiler

1988

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Oral treatment of Salmonella typhimurium infection with ciprofloxacin was compared with conventional chemotherapy with ampicillin or chloramphenicol in normal (CFW1) and immunocompromised (C57BL/6) mice. Administration of the antibiotics for 12 days reduced the number of bacteria in livers and the mortality of C57BL/6 mice significantly. Ciprofloxacin was considerably more effective than ampicillin in prolongation of the mean survival time of these mice. Similar to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, ciprofloxacin did not prevent fatal disease in most C57BL/6 mice when the treatment lasted 12 days only. On the other hand, ciprofloxacin cured lethal S. typhimurium illness in immunocompromised mice after long-term oral chemotherapy for 26 days at a dosage of 100 mg/kg twice a day. This was not achieved by either ampicillin or chloramphenicol. In normal mice, 12 days of therapy with ciprofloxacin was sufficient for a significant decrease in both the number of viable bacteria in livers and the mortality of lethally infected mice. The results provide a basis for an alternative antibiotic treatment by the oral route in immunocompromised hosts with systemic infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral ciprofloxacin treatment for Salmonella typhimurium infection of normal and immunocompromised mice

Brünner

Zeiler

1988

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Thus in water-borne outbreaks of typhoid fever with low attack rates and long incubations the oral infective dose has been estimated as less than 1000 bacteria.329 33 A possible reason why S. typhi can commonly infect from such small doses may be that it has a specific ability to colonise the human throat and thence seed large numbers of bacteria into the stomach and intestine.…”

Section: Size Of Oral Infective Dosementioning

confidence: 99%

Eggs and salmonella food-poisoning: an evaluation

Duguid¹,

North²

1991

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…The incubation period for S. typhi is usually between 5 and 21 days 4 but up to 60 days has been described 5 . One study, giving a low dose of the Quailes strain of S. typhi in milk to 1886 inmate volunteers showed incubation periods varying from 3 to 41 days, with an attack rate of 35% 8 . The incubation period is dependent on the inoculating dose, the virulence of the individual strain and host factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever in a returned traveller

Fuller

Hasnat

Marks

et al. 2004

J Paediatrics Child Health

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An 8-year-old boy, presenting with fever after returning from a visit to Papua New Guinea, was found to have typhoid, despite immunization against this disease prior to travel. This most likely represented vaccine failure, although it is also possible that he acquired the infection from overseas visitors who had stayed with his family prior to his travel, or that he contracted the disease from his father. This case highlights the importance of considering typhoid as a cause of fever in a returned traveller, even if they have been previously immunized against this disease. It also highlights that, in addition to taking the patient's travel history, information should be specifically sought about contact with visitors from overseas and the travel history of other household members.

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Incubation Period and Other Features of Food-Borne and Water-Borne Outbreaks of Typhoid Fever in Relation to Pathogenesis and Genetics of Resistance

Cited by 27 publications

References 14 publications

Oral ciprofloxacin treatment for Salmonella typhimurium infection of normal and immunocompromised mice

Oral ciprofloxacin treatment for Salmonella typhimurium infection of normal and immunocompromised mice

Eggs and salmonella food-poisoning: an evaluation

Fever in a returned traveller

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