Increasing Wear Resistance of UHMWPE by Loading Enforcing Carbon Fibers: Effect of Irreversible and Elastic Deformation, Friction Heating, and Filler Size

Abstract

The aim of the study was to develop a design methodology for the UltraHigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based composites used in friction units. To achieve this, stress–strain analysis was done using computer simulation of the triboloading processes. In addition, the effects of carbon fiber size used as reinforcing fillers on formation of the subsurface layer structures at the tribological contacts as well as composite wear resistance were evaluated. A structural analysis of the friction surfaces and the subsurface layers of UHMWPE as well as the UHMWPE-based composites loaded with the carbon fibers of various (nano-, micro-, millimeter) sizes in a wide range of tribological loading conditions was performed. It was shown that, under the “moderate” tribological loading conditions (60 N, 0.3 m/s), the carbon nanofibers (with a loading degree up to 0.5 wt.%) were the most efficient filler. The latter acted as a solid lubricant. As a result, wear resistance increased by 2.7 times. Under the “heavy” test conditions (140 N, 0.5 m/s), the chopped carbon fibers with a length of 2 mm and the optimal loading degree of 10 wt.% were more efficient. The mechanism is underlined by perceiving the action of compressive and shear loads from the counterpart and protecting the tribological contact surface from intense wear. In doing so, wear resistance had doubled, and other mechanical properties had also improved. It was found that simultaneous loading of UHMWPE with Carbon Nano Fibers (CNF) as a solid lubricant and Long Carbon Fibers (LCF) as reinforcing carbon fibers, provided the prescribed mechanical and tribological properties in the entire investigated range of the “load–sliding speed” conditions of tribological loading.

Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight-Polyethylene (UHMWPE) as a Promising Polymer Material for Biomedical Applications: A Concise Review

“…Similar to CNT and nanodiamond, CNF has gained considerable attention as a reinforcement for polymers due to their promising intrinsic properties and their good compatibility [128,129]. Galetz [130] dispersed the CNF into the extruded UHMWPE and investigated the mechanical properties.…”

Enhanced wear resistance of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene fibers by modified‐graphite oxide

“…According to our previous work, 34 10 wt% UHMWPE suspension was prepared by dispersing UHMWPE powder in the solvent of paraffin oil. A certain amount of m-GO (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt% of UHMWPE powder) was well dispersed in dichloromethane (100 ml) with the help of ultrasonication.…”

“…Filling modification is a simple and effective way to enhance the wear resistance of UHMWPE plate. The fillers used in wear resistance modification include particles and micro‐fibers that usually show higher hardness than UHMWPE (such as cubic BN, 5 Si 3 N 4 , B 4 C, SiC, 6 AlN 7,8 or carbon fiber 9,10 ) or excellent lubrication (such as graphite, MoS 2, 11 polytetrafluoroethylene, 12 or montmorillonite 13 ). The wear resistance strengthening mechanism of UHMWPE filling modification mainly lies in improving the hardness of UHMWPE or easy constructing a continuous transfer film and decreasing the coefficient of friction in the process of friction 14 …”

Исследование Композиционных Полимерных Материалов Армированных Базальтовой Тканью

“…К настоящему времени разработано и реализовано множество работ по модификации практически всех известных полимеров самыми различными наполнителями, отличающимися по природе, форме, дисперсности с использованием всевозможных методов и способов [1][2][3][4]. При этом для получения высокопрочных материалов преимущественно используются эпоксидные смолы, армированные непрерывными волокнами, такими как углеродные, стеклянные, базальтовые, арамидные и из сверхвысокомолекулярного полиэтилена (СВМПЭ) [5,6].…”