Increasing the utility of genomics in unravelling sucrose accumulation

Watt, D. A.; McCormick, Alistair J.; Govender, C.; Carson, D.L.; Cramer, Michael D.; Huckett, B. I.; Botha, Frederik C.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2005.01.012

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In contrast, the study of C 4 plants has lagged behind, with the majority of work focusing on maize (Zea mays L.) [39,42,67]. Consequently, the regulatory mechanisms involved in sugarcane sucrose metabolism and accumulation are still relatively uncharacterised [10,23,77].…”

Section: Plants Such Asmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differential Expression of Genes in the Leaves of Sugarcane in Response to Sugar Accumulation

McCormick

Cramer

Watt

2008

Tropical Plant Biol.

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In C 4 sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids), photosynthetic activity has been shown to be regulated by the demand for carbon from sink tissues. There is evidence, from other plant species, that sink-limitation of photosynthesis is facilitated by sugar-signaling mechanisms in the leaf that affect photosynthesis through regulation of gene expression. In this work, we manipulated leaf sugar levels by cold-girdling leaves (5°C) for 80 h to examine the mechanisms whereby leaf sugar accumulation affects photosynthetic activity and assess whether signaling mechanisms reported for other species operate in sugarcane. During this time, sucrose and hexose concentrations above the girdle increased by 77% and 81%, respectively. Conversely, leaf photosynthetic activity (A) and electron transport rates (ETR) decreased by 66% and 54%, respectively. Quantitative expression profiling by means of an Affymetrix GeneChip Sugarcane Genome Array was used to identify genes responsive to cold-girdling (56 h). A number of genes (74) involved in primary and secondary metabolic pathways were identified as being differentially expressed. Decreased expression of genes related to photosynthesis and increased expression of genes involved in assimilate partitioning, cell wall synthesis, phosphate metabolism and stress were observed. Furthermore four probe sets homologous to trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP; EC 5.3.1.1) and trehalose 6-phosphate synthase (TPS; EC 2.4.1.15) were up-and down-regulated, respectively, indicating a possible role for trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) as a putative sugar-sensor in sugarcane leaves.

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Section: Plants Such Asmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differential Expression of Genes in the Leaves of Sugarcane in Response to Sugar Accumulation

McCormick

Cramer

Watt

2008

Tropical Plant Biol.

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“…Within the stalk, the complex changes that accompany maturation of the internodes are reflected by differential patterns of gene expression (Carson et al 2002a;Casu et al 2003Casu et al , 2004Casu et al , 2007Iskandar et al 2011). Comparisons of young and older internodes can potentially identify genes associated with increasing sucrose content (Watt et al 2005). The maturing internodes of the stalk that have reached close to maximal elongation, have well differentiated secondary cell walls as well as substantial lignification (Jacobsen et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tissue-specific transcriptome analysis within the maturing sugarcane stalk reveals spatial regulation in the expression of cellulose synthase and sucrose transporter gene families

et al. 2015

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Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) accumulates high concentrations of sucrose in its mature stalk and a considerable portion of carbohydrate metabolism is also devoted to cell wall synthesis and fibre production. We examined tissue-specific expression patterns to explore the spatial deployment of pathways responsible for sucrose accumulation and fibre synthesis within the stalk. We performed expression profiling of storage parenchyma, vascular bundles and rind dissected from a maturing stalk internode of sugarcane, identifying ten cellulose synthase subunit genes and examining significant differences in the expression of their corresponding transcripts and those of several sugar transporters. These were correlated with differential expression patterns for transcripts of genes encoding COBRA-like proteins and other cell wall metabolism-related proteins. The sugar transporters genes ShPST2a, ShPST2b and ShSUT4 were significantly up-regulated in storage parenchyma while ShSUT1 was up-regulated in vascular bundles. Two co-ordinately expressed groups of cell wall related transcripts were also identified. One group, associated with primary cell wall synthesis (ShCesA1, ShCesA7, ShCesA9 and Shbk2l3), was up-regulated in parenchyma. The other group, associated with secondary cell wall synthesis (ShCesA10, ShCesA11, ShCesA12 and Shbk-2), was up-regulated in rind. In transformed sugarcane plants, the ShCesA7 promoter conferred stable expression of green fluorescent protein preferentially in the storage parenchyma of the maturing stalk internode. Our results indicate that there is spatial separation for elevated expression of these important targets in both sucrose accumulation and cell wall synthesis, allowing for increased clarity in our understanding of sucrose transport and fibre synthesis in sugarcane.

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“…Some of the identified genes are potential targets for further validation to demonstrate their role as part of a broad regulatory mechanism of sucrose accumulation in sink tissues. However, source tissues might affect the efficiency and/or control of carbon fixation and allocation, affected by sink strength (Watt et al 2005), but gene expression in source tissues have not been thoroughly investigated in sugarcane, except for a limited EST analysis conducted by Ma et al (2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much attention has been given investigating the biochemical and physiological factors and controls of sucrose biosynthesis and accumulation in sugarcane stalks within a limited perspective (reviewed by Moore 1995;Grof and Campbell 2001). These studies assumed that the potential of sucrose accumulation in stalks should be basically regulated through sink activity (Watt et al 2005). Analysis of differential gene expression of sugarcane stalk internodes at contrasting maturity stage using expressed sequence tag (EST) collections and microarrays indicated that genes associated with sucrose metabolism were not abundantly expressed in stalks, while genes related to cell wall and fiber biosynthesis, abiotic stress responses, sugar transporters and regulatory proteins were differentially expressed Casu et al 2003Casu et al , 2004Papini-Terzi et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serial analysis of gene expression in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) leaves revealed alternative C4 metabolism and putative antisense transcripts

Calsa

Figueira

2007

Plant Mol Biol

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Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a highly efficient biomass and sugar producing crop. Leaf reactions have been considered as potential rate-limiting step for sucrose accumulation in sugarcane stalks. To characterize the sugarcane leaf transcriptome, field-grown mature leaves from cultivar "SP80-3280" were analyzed using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE). From 480 sequenced clones, 9,482 valid tags were extracted, with 5,227 unique sequences, from which 3,659 (70%) matched at least a sugarcane assembled sequence (SAS) with putative function; while 872 tags (16.7%) matched SAS with unknown function; 523 (10%) matched SAS without a putative annotation; and only 173 (3.3%) did not match any sugarcane ESTs. Based on gene ontology (GO), photosystem (PS) I reaction center was identified as the most frequent gene product location, followed by the remaining sites of PS I, PS II and thylakoid complexes. For metabolic processes, photosynthesis light harvesting complexes; carbon fixation; and chlorophyll biosynthesis were the most enriched GO-terms. Considering the alternative photosynthetic C(4) cycles, tag frequencies related to phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and aspartate aminotransferase compared to those for NADP(+)-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and NADP-malate dehydrogenase, suggested that PEPCK-type decarboxylation appeared to predominate over NADP-ME in mature leaves, although both may occur, opposite to currently assumed in sugarcane. From the unique tag set, 894 tags (17.1%) were assigned as potentially derived from antisense transcripts, while 73 tags (1.4%) were assigned to more than one SAS, suggesting the occurrence of alternative processing. The occurrence of antisense was validated by quantitative reverse transcription amplification. Sugarcane leaf transcriptome provided new insights for functional studies associated with sucrose synthesis and accumulation.

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Increasing the utility of genomics in unravelling sucrose accumulation

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

Differential Expression of Genes in the Leaves of Sugarcane in Response to Sugar Accumulation

Differential Expression of Genes in the Leaves of Sugarcane in Response to Sugar Accumulation

Tissue-specific transcriptome analysis within the maturing sugarcane stalk reveals spatial regulation in the expression of cellulose synthase and sucrose transporter gene families

Serial analysis of gene expression in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) leaves revealed alternative C4 metabolism and putative antisense transcripts

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