“…Other institutional initiatives have since taken root, e.g., the Social Ecology Program at Yale University's School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, the Program in Social Ecology at the University of Western http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol18/iss1/art7/ Sydney, the Institute of Social Ecology at Klagenfurt University, Vienna, and the Institute for Social Ecological Research in Frankfurt, Germany. In contemporary scholarship, social ecology generally refers to the study of communities from a broad, interdisciplinary perspective that encompasses bioecological and macro-economic concerns, but gives greater attention to the social, psychological, institutional, and cultural contexts of people-environment relationships than did earlier human ecology research (Michelson 1970, Moos 1979, Stokols 1996, Redman 1999, Stokols et al 2003, Ostrom 2009, Peterson 2010). …”