Increasing rates of thrombosis in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery

Prevalence and risk factors for venous thromboembolism in children with sickle cell disease: an administrative database study

“…CVL placement, chronic renal disease, history of stroke, female sex, length of hospitalization, ICU utilization, and older age were all independently associated with VTE development. When comparing our results to other administrative database studies, the rate of VTE in children with SCD was found to be lower than the rate of VTE in pediatric cancer patients (5%), 26 comparable to VTE rate in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery (2.7%), 28 but higher than the VTE rate in children with trauma and lower-extremity fractures (0.05% to 0.2%). 29,30 The current work supports our recent, singleinstitution study, where the cumulative incidence of VTE in children with SCD followed at Nationwide Children's Hospital was estimated to be 2.9%, 16 and it adds to a growing body of literature.…”

Venous thromboembolism in chronic pediatric heart disease is associated with substantial health care burden and expenditures

“…VTE as a complication following surgery has been understood for many years, yet very few data exist on the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes specifically regarding recent cardiac and noncardiac surgery in children with CPHD . There is recent evidence showing that the rate of recognized VTE in congenital heart disease following cardiac surgery is increasing and that it is associated with younger age (<28 days) . In our study, recent cardiac surgery seemed to interact with many of the other risk factors, suggesting that it may have accounted for a large proportion of increased VTE risk in patients with multiple risk factors.…”

“…All health care utilization measures were higher for patients with CPHD and VTE vs. those without VTE, which is similar to previous findings in children undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease and those with chronic kidney disease . Although children with single‐ventricle physiology likely require the highest acuity of care among children with heart disease, VTE was still associated with substantially higher resource utilization.…”

“…Thus, these observations may reflect that VTEs are more likely among the most critically ill children. However, up to 21% of deaths in CPHD patients undergoing cardiac surgery have been directly attributed to VTE development and higher mortality rates (12.3% vs. 0.8%; P < 0.001) have been described previously in patients with congenital heart disease who develop VTE compared to those that do not …”

Outcomes of Infant Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease Concomitant With Persistent Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…X 2 test showed no statistical difference in sex between the 2 groups and statistically significant differences in age and body weight between the 2 groups. aggravated infection; 9 Increased pulmonary vascular resistance during surgery could lead to impaired gas exchange; 10 Placement of patches or artificial tubes could increase the risk of infective endocarditis; 11 And these patients with pneumonia could have prolonged mechanical ventilation after surgery. 12 All of these are uncertainties that could interfere with the operation.…”