Increasing Incidence of Multiply Recurrent <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Infection in the United States

Gene, K.; Brensinger, Colleen M.; Wu, Qufei; Lewis, James D.

doi:10.7326/m16-2733

Cited by 161 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

124

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The primary clinical application of faecal microbiota as therapy was for the treatment of recurrent Clostridiodes difficile (also known as Clostridium difficile) 101 infection (rCDI), which has grown to and remains at epidemic proportions. [102][103][104] The first report of a rapid and sustained change of the faecal bacterial community structure to resemble the donor was published in 2010, 105 and shortly after the treatment became known as faecal microbiota transplantation. 106 The approach has proven to be remarkably successful and is endorsed by major professional societies for the treatment of rCDI (following 2 or more recurrences).…”

Section: Faecal or Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation: The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota changes and intestinal microbiota transplantation in liver diseases and cirrhosis

Bajaj

Khoruts

2020

Journal of Hepatology

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis demonstrate a global mucosal immune impairment, which is associated with altered gut microbiota composition and functionality. These changes progress along with the advancing degree of cirrhosis and can be linked with hepatic encephalopathy, infections and even prognostication independent of clinical biomarkers. Along with compositional changes, functional alterations to the microbiota, related to short-chain fatty acids, bioenergetics and bile acid metabolism, are also associated with cirrhosis progression and outcomes. Altering the functional and structural profile of the microbiota is partly achieved by medications used in patients with cirrhosis such as rifaximin, lactulose, proton pump inhibitors and other antibiotics. However, the role of faecal or intestinal microbiota transplantation is increasingly being recognised. Herein, we review the challenges, opportunities and road ahead for the appropriate and safe use of intestinal microbiota transplantation in liver disease.

show abstract

Section: Faecal or Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation: The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota changes and intestinal microbiota transplantation in liver diseases and cirrhosis

Bajaj

Khoruts

2020

Journal of Hepatology

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Clostridioides difficile (previously called Clostridium difficile) infection (CDI) has become a major burden for healthcare systems, accounting for nearly 29,000 deaths/year in the United States (US) (1)(2)(3). The recent burden of CDI can be mostly explained by its rise in incidence, severity, mortality, and increased likelihood of recurrence (3)(4). After a first episode of CDI, almost 20% of patients are likely to recur, and the risk of a further recurrence can be even higher (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Bloodstream Infections, Length of Hospital Stay, and Survival in Patients With RecurrentClostridioides difficileInfection Treated With Fecal Microbiota Transplantation or Antibiotics

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The incidence of CDI has increased 42.7%, and multiple recurrent CDI has also increased 188% in the western society from 2001 to 2012 . Exact diagnosis of CDI is often difficult in some clinical situations .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile infection in fever patients with gynecological malignancies

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Although Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) often results in severe manifestations due to toxin-producing clostridium, the correlation between CDI and having a fever in gynecological malignancies is not completely understood. Aims:The incidence, and clinical features, and clinical management of CDI in patients with gynecological malignancies who have fevers were investigated, and the clinical managements of this complication are discussed. Methods and results: We retrospectively reviewed 485 patients newly diagnosed with invasive gynecological cancers who underwent anticancer treatment between July 2012 and December 2016. The diagnosis of CDI was performed using enzyme immunoassays for C difficile glutamate dehydrogenase and toxin A/B enzyme immunoassay. The cumulative risk of CDI was 9.5% (six of 63) in overall fever patients and 6.3% (six of 95) in patients with fever episodes. Two CDI patients (33.3%) did not show diarrheal symptoms, with the fever of unknown origin criteria prompting their CDI testing and diagnosis. CDI patients were treated using vancomycin or metronidazole without suffering from fatal clinical course. Overall, eight patients with gynecological malignancies were diagnosed with CDI, including two patients with fever lower than 38.5°C. The cumulative risk of CDI was 0.48% (eight of 1652) for all admitted patients and 1.6% (eight of 485) in those with gynecological malignancies. Of all the patients with confirmed CDI, only one had a history of administration of antibiotics prior to onset of CDI symptoms. Conclusion: CDI does not always present with typical manifestations in malignancy patients. Investigation of CDI, regardless of gastrointestinal symptoms or history of antibiotic use, is warranted in cases of fever of unknown origin in gynecological malignancy.

show abstract

Increasing Incidence of Multiply Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection in the United States

Abstract: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

Cited by 161 publications

References 29 publications

Microbiota changes and intestinal microbiota transplantation in liver diseases and cirrhosis

Microbiota changes and intestinal microbiota transplantation in liver diseases and cirrhosis

Incidence of Bloodstream Infections, Length of Hospital Stay, and Survival in Patients With RecurrentClostridioides difficileInfection Treated With Fecal Microbiota Transplantation or Antibiotics

Clostridium difficile infection in fever patients with gynecological malignancies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About