Increasing Drought Tolerance of Tomato Plants by Grafting

Altunlu, Hakan; Gul, A.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2012.960.26

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…These constitutive rootstock effects were observed by Al-Harbi et al (2017) and Ibrahim et al (2014), who both found that the interspecific hybrid tomato rootstock 'Unifort' had a positive effect on vegetative growth (shoot fresh weight, leaf area, leaf dry weight) and yield regardless of irrigation treatments. The significant increase in relative water content we observed when grafting onto 'Beaufort' is in agreement with the findings of Altunlu and Gul (2012). These authors found that under PEG-induced drought stress, 'Beaufort' improved relative water content in the scion, which they partially attribute to the observed increase in the osmoprotectant proline.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Rootstock Effect on Grafted Tomato Transplant Shoot and Root Responses to Drying Soils

Suchoff¹,

Gunter²,

Schultheis³

et al. 2018

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Improvement of crop water use is imperative. Plants' responses to limited water can dictate their ability to better use available resources and avoid prolonged and severe stress. The following study was conducted to determine how tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) rootstocks with different root system morphologies respond to drying soils. Plants were grown in pots containing an inorganic substrate composed of calcined clay and sand in a greenhouse on North Carolina State University's campus. The heirloom tomato cultivar Cherokee Purple was used as the scion for 'Beaufort' and 'Shield' rootstocks as well as the self-grafted control. These rootstocks were assigned either normal or reduced irrigation treatments. Plants grown under the normal irrigation schedule were weighed and watered daily to maintain container capacity for one week. Those receiving reduced irrigation had all water withheld for one week, at which point strong midday wilting became evident. Shoot physiological and morphological data as well as root morphological data were collected at the end of the study. A constitutive positive increase on relative water content, leaf area, stomatal conductance (g S ), and net CO 2 assimilation rate was observed with scions grafted on 'Beaufort'. In addition, this rootstock had a significantly longer total root system (118.6 m) compared with 'Shield' (94.9 m) and the self-grafted control (104.2 m). Furthermore, 76.4% of the total root length observed in 'Beaufort' was composed of very thin diameter roots (; <0.5 mm), which was higher than 'Shield' (73.67%) and the self-grafted control (69.07%). The only significant rootstock 3 irrigation interaction observed was for effective quantum yield of photosystem II (u PSII ). At normal irrigation there were no differences among the rootstock treatments; however, at reduced irrigation 'Beaufort' had significantly higher u PSII than both 'Shield' and the self-grafted control. These results may explain some of the improved production and water use efficiency observed in field trials using 'Beaufort' rootstock, and data secured may allow for better screening of rootstocks for improved water use efficiency in the future.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Rootstock Effect on Grafted Tomato Transplant Shoot and Root Responses to Drying Soils

Suchoff¹,

Gunter²,

Schultheis³

et al. 2018

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“…Using reciprocal grafting between the drought-tolerant “Zarina” and sensitive “Josefina” tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes, Sánchez-Rodríguez et al (2012a , b , 2013 ) reported that increased tolerance in grafted plants to moderate water deficit was a drought-adaptive response mainly related to tolerant rootstock, which provided better plant growth and yield. Moreover, Altunlu and Gul (2012) demonstrated that when the interspecific hybrid “Beaufort” ( S. lycopersicum L. × S. habrochaites S. Knapp and D. M. Spooner) was used as rootstock, it mitigated the growth depression of tomato plants induced by water stress, compared with tomato grafted onto weak root structure rootstock (“Resistar”) or self-grafted plants. Such findings indicate a drought-adaptive response of tomato grafted onto “Beaufort” rootstock.…”

Section: Agronomic Responses Of Grafted Plants To Drought Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drought resistance of grafted tomato plants onto rootstock “Beaufort” was due to improved osmoregulation, partially induced by higher proline content, and relative water content in tomato scion under water stress ( Altunlu and Gul, 2012 ). Though net CO 2 assimilation rate decreased in polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced water stress, rootstock-grafted pepper seedlings maintained the protective capacity of the photosynthetic machinery mediated by osmotic adjustment (based on higher proline content; Penella et al, 2014b ).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Drought Resistance In Grafted Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drought depresses plant growth due to decreased cellular water potential and stomatal conductance, inhibition of photosynthesis, and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. This causes heavy and economically relevant yield losses ( Altunlu and Gul, 2012 ; Liu et al, 2014 ). Thus, it is a considerable challenge to develop scientific strategies for minimizing yield losses under drought conditions ( Cantero-Navarro et al, 2016 ), to increase water use efficiency (WUE) of crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vegetable Grafting as a Tool to Improve Drought Resistance and Water Use Efficiency

et al. 2017

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Drought is one of the most prevalent limiting factors causing considerable losses in crop productivity, inflicting economic as well as nutritional insecurity. One of the greatest challenges faced by the scientific community in the next few years is to minimize the yield losses caused by drought. Drought resistance is a complex quantitative trait controlled by many genes. Thus, introgression of drought resistance traits into high yielding genotypes has been a challenge to plant breeders. Vegetable grafting using rootstocks has emerged as a rapid tool in tailoring plants to better adapt to suboptimal growing conditions. This has induced changes in shoot physiology. Grafting applications have expanded mainly in Solanaceous crops and cucurbits, which are commonly grown in arid and semi-arid areas characterized by long drought periods. The current review gives an overview of the recent scientific literature on root-shoot interaction and rootstock-driven alteration of growth, yield, and fruit quality in grafted vegetable plants under drought stress. Further, we elucidate the drought resistance mechanisms of grafted vegetables at the morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels.

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“…Grafting in tomato was primarily practiced as an alternative to the methyl bromide for the control of soilborne pathogens under protected cultivation systems (Kaskavalci et al, 2009;Lopez-Perez et al, 2006;Louws et al, 2010;McAvoy et al, 2012;Rivard et al, 2010). However, in recent years, the potential of grafting has also been extensively exploited to deal with the abiotic stresses such as salinity (Colla et al, 2010(Colla et al, , 2013Cuartero et al, 2006;Estan et al, 2005;Santa-Cruz et al, 2001, low (Venema et al, 2008) and high (Abdelmageed and Gruda, 2009;Rivero et al, 2003a) temperature stress, water stress (Altunlu and Gul, 2012;Bhatt et al, 2015;S anchez-Rodríguez et al, 2013), and heavy metals (Kumar et al, 2015a(Kumar et al, , 2015b(Kumar et al, , 2015c, and also to enhance water-use efficiency (Cohen and Naor, 2002;Kumar et al, 2017), nutrient uptake (Goto et al, 2013), fruit yield (Kacjan-Marsic and Osvald, 2004;Khah et al, 2006;Pogonyi et al, 2005;Turhan et al, 2011), and quality (Flores et al, 2010;Kacjan-Marsic and Osvald, 2004). Therefore, the aim of using grafting techniques in tomato is to enhance fruit production without any nutritional decline and to reduce susceptibility to various abiotic and biotic stresses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tomato Grafting: A Global Perspective

Singh

Kumar

Chaudhari

et al. 2017

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Grafting of vegetable seedlings is a unique horticultural technology practiced for many years in East Asia to overcome issues associated with intensive cultivation using limited arable land. This technology was introduced to Europe and other countries in the late 20th century along with improved grafting methods suitable for commercial production of grafted vegetable seedlings. Tomato grafting is becoming a well-developed practice worldwide with many horticultural advantages. The primary motivation for grafting tomato has been to prevent the damage caused by soilborne pathogens under intensive production system. However, recent reports suggest that grafting onto suitable rootstocks can also alleviate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses such as salinity, water, temperature, and heavy metals besides enhancing the efficiency of water and nutrient use of tomato plants. This review gives an overview of the scientific literatures on the various aspects of tomato grafting including important steps of grafting, grafting methods, scion–rootstock interaction, and rootstock-derived changes in vegetative growth, fruit yield, and quality in grafted plants under different growing conditions. This review also highlights the economic significance of grafted tomato cultivation and offers discussion on the future thrust and technical issues that need to be addressed for the effective adoption of grafting.

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Increasing Drought Tolerance of Tomato Plants by Grafting

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Rootstock Effect on Grafted Tomato Transplant Shoot and Root Responses to Drying Soils

Rootstock Effect on Grafted Tomato Transplant Shoot and Root Responses to Drying Soils

Vegetable Grafting as a Tool to Improve Drought Resistance and Water Use Efficiency

Tomato Grafting: A Global Perspective

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