Increased serum adenosine deaminase activity in patients with adult-onset Still's disease

Abstract

Background Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, lacking specific diagnosis and disease activity evaluation indicators. This study will analyze the activity and clinical significance of Adenosine deaminase (ADA) in AOSD patients. Methods Totally 53 AOSD patients, 60 patients with other autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sjogren syndrome (SS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as 60 healthy subjects were included in this study. AOSD activity was determined by Pouchot score. We analyzed the correlation between ADA activity and clinical parameters. In addition, the correlation between ADA activity and disease activity score was also analyzed. Results This study showed that the activity of ADA in AOSD patients was significantly higher than that of healthy controls, SLE, SS and RA patient groups (p < 0.0001). The ADA activity of AOSD patients decreased significantly after systemic treatment (p < 0.0001). Correlation analysis showed that ADA activity was positively correlated with ALT(r = 0.54, p < 0.0001), AST (r = 0.82, p < 0.0001) and serum ferritin (r = 0.67, p < 0.001). ADA activity was negatively correlated with white blood cell (r = − 0.42, p = 0.002) and platelet counts (r = − 0.44, p = 0.001). We also found a significant positive correlation between the activity of ADA and Pouchot score in AOSD patients (r = 0.51, p = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that ADA activity had a sensitivity of 93.3%, and a specificity of 83% for the diagnosis of AOSD, with an area under the curve of 0.93. Conclusion This study showed that serum ADA activity can be used as a potential biomarker for AOSD diagnosis and disease activity assessment.

Adenosine Deaminase as a Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome

“…In autoimmune diseases like SLE and SS, serum ADA activity is elevated and associated with disease activity. , Patients with AOSD also show increased ADA activity, suggesting its role as a potential biomarker for AOSD diagnosis . These findings imply that under pathological conditions, abnormal ADA activity correlates with immune dysregulation.…”

“… 11 , 13 Patients with AOSD also show increased ADA activity, suggesting its role as a potential biomarker for AOSD diagnosis. 12 These findings imply that under pathological conditions, abnormal ADA activity correlates with immune dysregulation. Research indicates that ADA activity may also increase abnormally in certain viral infections.…”

“…Elevated ADA levels and activity are observed in various tumors, including gastric, bladder, and breast cancers . Similarly, increased ADA activity is associated with disease activity in autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD), and Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). − Additionally, high ADA activity in pleural fluid is a key diagnostic criterion for tuberculosis. , …”