Increased respiratory burst activity is associated with normal expression of IgG‐Fc‐receptors and complement receptors in peripheral neutrophils from patients with juvenile periodontitis

Abstract

The respiratory burst activity in peripheral neutrophils from nine patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls was studied by measuring the intensity of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) induced by unopsonized and three differently opsonized zymosan particles, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). The neutrophils from LJP patients showed in general more intense CL with all activators than did their controls. Particularly, the CL response induced by unopsonized zymosan particles and FMLP were significantly higher (p < 0.05 and 0.001). When comparisons were made between female LJP patients (n = 6) and matched controls, also serum-opsonized and IgG-opsonized zymosan particles produced CL was significantly increased (p < 0.05). In order to determine whether the elevated CL responses to zymosan particles were due to altered levels of the interacting receptors on neutrophil surface, an immunofluorescence analysis of the expression of IgG-Fc-receptors (FcR) and complement receptors (CR) was performed with flow cytometry. No significant difference in the expression of FcRII, FcRIII, CR1 and CR3 was detected in LJP group compared to controls. Since the elevated CL responses can not be explained by changes in receptor numbers it is hypothesized that the increased respiratory burst activity in LJP may be caused by altered post receptor signalling pathway.

Oxidative Injury and Inflammatory Periodontal Diseases : the Challenge of Anti-Oxidants to Free Radicals and Reactive Oxygen Species

“…PMN from young patients with PE generate increased CL (Asman et al, 1984;Asman, 1988;Shapira et al, 1991;Leino et al, 1994), but PMN from localized juvenile periodontitis patients (LIP) display a normal oxidative capacity (Ellegard et al, 1984;Van Dyke et al, 1986;Zafiropoulos et al, 1991). Release by PMN was low in subjects suffering from Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS), as measured by a ferri-cytochrome c reduction assay (Bullon et al, 1993).…”

Aggressive Periodontitis: microbes and host response, who to blame?

“…43 As evidence of presence of neutrophils in gingival lesions and in root surfaces of AgP cases accumulated, 44,45 it emerged that neutrophils of AgP patients could be responsible for disease predisposition due to an array of suspected malfunctions, including increased adhesion, reduced chemotaxis, increased superoxide and nitric oxide production and reduced phagocytosis. [46][47][48][49] These neutrophil features would make individuals more susceptible to periodontitis upon subgingival microbial colonization. The 1999 Workshop also suggested among secondary features of AgP 'Hyper-responsive macrophage phenotype, including elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin (IL)-1b'.…”

A Potential Role of an Intracellular Signaling Defect in Neutrophil Functional Abnormalities and Promotion of Tissue Damage in Patients with Localized Juvenile Periodontitis

“…As discussed earlier, there is evidence showing that the FMLP-receptors in LJP neutrophils may be abnormal (39), although the nature of this abnormality has not been further characterized. It is noteworthy that there is no evidence indicating that the expression or function of other major neutrophil function associated cell-surface receptors, CR3, CR1 (CD35) and IgG-Fc receptors (CD16 and CD32), is abnormal in LJP neutrophils (55). Furthermore, it does not explain why neutrophil responses (phagocytosis, respiratory burst) that are mediated by other plasma membrane receptors, such as CR3 (CD11b/ CD18), are altered in LJP.…”

“…It has been frequently reported that peripheral blood neutrophils from LJP patients demonstrate enhanced respiratory burst activity, especially in response to stimulation with FMLP and opsonized or unopsonized bacteria and zymosan particles (48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55). However, there are also studies where either no changes or even a decrease in this neutrophil response have been observed (25,42,47).…”

“…However, there are also studies where either no changes or even a decrease in this neutrophil response have been observed (25,42,47). in diluted whole blood or leukocyte suspensions exposed to minimal processing, typically consisting only of erythrolysis (55). For example, the increased respiratory burst activity of LJP cells has been noticed only when using luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay, which is far more sensitive than the colorimetric cytochrome c reduction assay that has been used in most studies where responses were not altered.…”