Increased promoter methylation in exfoliated breast epithelial cells in women with a previous breast biopsy

Browne, Eva P.; Punska, Elizabeth C.; Lenington, Sarah; Otis, Christopher N.; Anderton, Douglas L.; Arcaro, Kathleen F.

doi:10.4161/epi.6.12.18280

Cited by 34 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In agreement with other studies examining blood PBMCs from healthy subjects, 6 we found that the overall methylation levels at 11 out of the 15 genes (including p16/CDKN2A and p14ARF/CDKN2A, Fig. 1) were low (<5%) among non-carrier controls.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Constitutional promoter methylation and risk of familial melanoma

Hyland¹,

Burke²,

Pfeiffer³

et al. 2014

Epigenetics

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Constitutional promoter methylation and risk of familial melanoma

Hyland¹,

Burke²,

Pfeiffer³

et al. 2014

Epigenetics

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“…Wong et al 30 reported a minimum breastmilk volume for analysis (10 mL) but did not reveal how many women, if any, were unable to produce this volume. Browne et al 29 did not reveal a minimum breastmilk volume requirement for analysis but did report a range from 56 mL to 86 mL. Qin et al 32 reported KLK6 methylation is not associated with protein levels; however, DNA isolation was performed on samples from only 32 women, and a large portion of these were from weaning milk for which the time of collection varied greatly.…”

Section: Limitations Of Epigenetic Studies That Use Breastmilkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wong et al 30 and Qin et al 32 appropriately used both methylated and unmethylated controls, although it is unclear if Browne et al 29 did the same. It is unclear if Wong et al 30 collected milk from subjects with a history of a breast biopsy.…”

Section: Limitations Of Epigenetic Studies That Use Breastmilkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 Wong et al 30 were able to attain a sufficient quantity of DNA for methylation analyses and used pyrosequencing to attain mean overall methylation concentrations for six genes of interest. Browne et al 29 also used pyrosequencing to attain methylation concentrations for three genes of interest in women with a history of a breast biopsy. Similarly, pyrosequencing was used to quantify methylation intensities of KLK6 in healthy women at three time points to examine the extent of epigenetic regulation on protein levels at three stages of lactation.…”

Section: Use Of Breastmilk In Epigenetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of the epigenetic studies included in this review used methylation analyses to examine promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes known to influence breast cancer risk. 29,30 The remaining epigenetic study examined the methylation of the promoter region of KLK6, which is down-regulated in breast cancers. 31 Wong et al 30 were able to attain a sufficient quantity of DNA for methylation analyses and used pyrosequencing to attain mean overall methylation concentrations for six genes of interest.…”

Section: Use Of Breastmilk In Epigenetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Utility of Breastmilk for Genetic or Genomic Studies: A Systematic Review

Baumgartel

Conley

2013

Breastfeeding Medicine

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This study synthesized scientific literature that applies genetic or genomic approaches to breastmilk. A literature search of PubMed was conducted in March 2012 using the key words "breast milk," "lactation," "genetic," "gene expression," and "epigenetic." Additional articles were identified/selected for evaluation with MeSH term searches, and a review of article reference lists was obtained from the search. The initial 657 abstracts retrieved from the literature search were reviewed, and 16 studies were selected for evaluation. Studies that examined the transmission of viruses/bacteria into breastmilk and/or measured concentration of specific proteins without examination of genetic material from milk were excluded. Data related to subjects, tissue, purpose, setting, gene/protein, approach (candidate versus genome-wide), platform, statistical analysis, and results were extracted. Gene expression and epigenetic/epigenomic study designs have been successfully implemented using breastmilk. A major weakness of both gene expression studies and epigenetic studies that examine breastmilk is the omission of maternal information known to influence milk composition. This review article is the first to synthesize evidence related to the application of breastmilk to evaluate RNA and epigenetic modifications. Additional research is needed that applies epigenetic analyses to human breastmilk samples. Findings from this review can be used for future research designs that use breastmilk for genetic analyses.

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Proteomics analysis of human breast milk to assess breast cancer risk

et al. 2018

Self Cite

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Detection of breast cancer (BC) in young women is challenging because mammography, the most common tool for detecting BC, is not effective on the dense breast tissue characteristic of young women. In addition to the limited means for detecting their BC, young women face a transient increased risk of pregnancy-associated BC. As a consequence, reproductively active women could benefit significantly from a tool that provides them with accurate risk assessment and early detection of BC. One potential method for detection of BC is biochemical monitoring of proteins and other molecules in bodily fluids such as serum, nipple aspirate, ductal lavage, tear, urine, saliva and breast milk. Of all these fluids, only breast milk provides access to a large volume of breast tissue, in the form of exfoliated epithelial cells, and to the local breast environment, in the form of molecules in the milk. Thus, analysis of breast milk is a non-invasive method with significant potential for assessing BC risk. Here we analyzed human breast milk by mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics to build a biomarker signature for early detection of BC. Ten milk samples from eight women provided five paired-groups (cancer versus control) for analysis of dysregulatedproteins: two within woman comparisons (milk from a diseased breast versus a healthy breast of the same woman) and three across women comparisons (milk from a woman with cancer versus a woman without cancer). Despite a wide range in the time between milk donation and cancer diagnosis (cancer diagnosis occurred from 1 month before to 24 months after milk donation), the levels of some proteins differed significantly between cancer and control in several of the five comparison groups. These pilot data are supportive of the idea that molecular analysis of breast milk will identify proteins informative for early detection and accurate assessment of BC risk, and warrant further research. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD007066.

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Increased promoter methylation in exfoliated breast epithelial cells in women with a previous breast biopsy

Cited by 34 publications

References 29 publications

Constitutional promoter methylation and risk of familial melanoma

Constitutional promoter methylation and risk of familial melanoma

The Utility of Breastmilk for Genetic or Genomic Studies: A Systematic Review

Proteomics analysis of human breast milk to assess breast cancer risk

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