Increased Maternal Plasma Leptin in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Qiu, Chunfang; Williams, Michelle A.; Vadachkoria, Surab; Frederick, Ihunnaya O.; Luthy, David A.

doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000113621.53602.7a

Cited by 130 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, compared to our study on obese women, they also included normal weight women, and all participants in our study had leptin concentrations above 31.0 ng ml À1 , which were the highest tertile in the study of Qiu et al 22 It would be of further interest to investigate whether this association is consistent among obese women and whether changes in leptin concentration altered by gestational weight gain could influence the relative risks of GDM and preeclampsia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Qiu et al 22 found that elevated leptin concentrations in early pregnancy (13 weeks of gestation) were positively associated with the risk of development of GDM. The group of women with the highest tertile of leptin had a 4.9-fold increased risk of GDM compared to the lowest after adjustment of maternal prepregnant BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 The prevalence of GDM is rapidly increasing and recently reported numbers suggest that 5-6% of pregnancies are complicated by GDM. 22 Recurrent GDM in a following pregnancy is seen among one-third of women who earlier experienced a pregnancy complicated by GDM. 23,24 Furthermore, offspring of obese mothers or mothers with GDM are at higher risk of being macrosomic or large-for-gestational-age at birth 24,25 and are at increased risk of childhood obesity 15 and development of type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,24 Furthermore, offspring of obese mothers or mothers with GDM are at higher risk of being macrosomic or large-for-gestational-age at birth 24,25 and are at increased risk of childhood obesity 15 and development of type 2 diabetes. 26 New evidence suggests that the pregnancy-induced increases in leptin may trigger the development of macrosomia, 27 preeclampsia, 21 and GDM 22 in women with elevated levels in early pregnancy. Leptin concentrations at delivery are positively associated with birth weight and cord leptin concentration is elevated in infants born to diabetic mothers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A randomized trial of the effects of dietary counseling on gestational weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese pregnant women

et al. 2008

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Objective: Can gestational weight gain in obese women be restricted by 10-h dietary consultations and does this restriction impact the pregnancy-induced changes in glucose metabolism? Design: A randomized controlled trial with or without restriction of gestational weight gain to 6-7 kg by ten 1-h dietary consultations. Subjects: Fifty nondiabetic nonsmoking Caucasian obese pregnant women were randomized into intervention group (n ¼ 23, 2874 years, prepregnant body mass index (BMI) 3574 kg m À2 ) or control group (n ¼ 27, 3075 years, prepregnant BMI 3573 kg m À2 ). Measurements: The weight development was measured at inclusion (15 weeks), at 27 weeks, and 36 weeks of gestation. The dietary intakes were reported in the respective weeks by three 7-day weighed food records and blood samples for analyses of fasting s-insulin, s-leptin, b-glucose, and 2-h b-glucose after an oral glucose tolerance test were collected. Results: The women in the intervention group successfully limited their energy intake, and restricted the gestational weight gain to 6.6 kg vs a gain of 13.3 kg in the control group (P ¼ 0.002, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.6-10.8 kg). Both s-insulin and s-leptin were reduced by 20% in the intervention group compared to the control group at week 27, mean difference: À16 pmol l À1 (P ¼ 0.04, 95% CI: À32 to À1) for insulin and À23 ng ml À1 (P ¼ 0.004, 95% CI: À39 to À8) for leptin. At 36 weeks of gestation, the s-insulin was further reduced by 23%, À25 pmol l À1 (À47 to À4, P ¼ 0.022) and the fasting b-glucose were reduced by 8% compared with the control group (À0.3 mmol l À1 , À0.6 to À0.0, P ¼ 0.03). Conclusions: Restriction of gestational weight gain in obese women is achievable and reduces the deterioration in the glucose metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A randomized trial of the effects of dietary counseling on gestational weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese pregnant women

et al. 2008

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“…This change of weight may have a little influence on the gravidas in the 29 ∼ 32 week interval, but after the thirty-second week, the normal group's BMI can overtake the GDM group's. Inflammatory reaction factors, such as the WBC and the C-reaction protein (CRP), are significantly related with pregnancy insulin resistance and are causally related to one another [16,17]. Several studies have found that when the prenatal examination is conducted, the higher the HBG concentration, the more likely GDM is to develop [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research of gestational diabetes mellitus risk evaluation method

Chi

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2016

THC

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Abstract. BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is not easily detected. The difficulty in detecting GDM is largely due to the late onset of clinical symptoms as well as the various complications that result from GDM [1]. OBJECTIVE: GDM greatly influences both mother and child. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to reduce the morbidity of GDM. METHODS: In this study, risk factors that influence GDM were selected through statistical analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the regression equation and Odds Ratio (OR) value. The risk score of each factor was obtained according to the OR value. RESULTS: The score of every pregnant woman could be very intuitively used to show the risk of getting GDM. CONCLUSION: Through the above methods, a comprehensive risk evaluation method of detecting GDM was developed.

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Use of folic acid supplements in early pregnancy in relation to maternal plasma levels in week 18 of pregnancy

Roth¹,

Bjørke‐Monsen

Reichborn‐Kjennerud³

et al. 2012

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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We compared plasma-folate at week 18 of gestation with self-reported use of supplements containing folic acid from before pregnancy to 17 weeks gestation. Birth cohorts typically measure plasma-folate in mid-gestation, but effects of folic acid supplementation are sometimes specific to the periconceptional period. The relationship between mid-gestation plasma-folate and periconceptional supplementation is not known. The sample comprised 2911 women from The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. For women reporting continuous supplementation from gestational week -4-17 (N=238), median plasma-folate was 15.72 at week 18 (in nmol/L). This was about threefold higher than the median plasma-folate of 5.67 for women reporting no supplementation from week -4-17 (N=844), but only slightly higher than the median plasma-folate of 13.34 for all women reporting supplementation in week 13-17 (N=1158). Reported supplementation before week 8 was not associated with plasma-folate at week 18, in an analysis that adjusted for continued supplementation after week 8. Overall we found a strong and coherent relationship between self-reported folic acid use and plasma-folate at week 18. We also found that plasma-folate at week 18 did not reflect self-reported supplementation before 8 weeks. For periconceptional supplementation per se, self-report data may offer a better measure.

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Increased Maternal Plasma Leptin in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract: II-2

Cited by 130 publications

References 27 publications

A randomized trial of the effects of dietary counseling on gestational weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese pregnant women

A randomized trial of the effects of dietary counseling on gestational weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese pregnant women

Research of gestational diabetes mellitus risk evaluation method

Use of folic acid supplements in early pregnancy in relation to maternal plasma levels in week 18 of pregnancy

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