Increased IgA responses to the LPS of commensal bacteria is associated with inflammation and activation of cell-mediated immunity in chronic fatigue syndrome

Maes, Michaël; Twisk, Frank N.M.; Kubera, Marta; Ringel, Karl; Leunis, Jean–Claude; Geffard, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.09.010

Cited by 91 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…64,65 LPS can cause behavioral changes during an acute illness or cause a delayed change in mood after sickness. 66,67 IgA and IgM against LPS of gut bacteria are found in the blood of patients with depression or chronic fatigue syndrome, suggesting a potential role for LPS in the pathogenesis of these diseases. 66 Other bacterial products reflect the role of colonic microbiota in the fermentation of undigested carbohydrates to short chain fatty acids (SCFA).…”

Section: Effect Of Bacterial Metabolites On the Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…66,67 IgA and IgM against LPS of gut bacteria are found in the blood of patients with depression or chronic fatigue syndrome, suggesting a potential role for LPS in the pathogenesis of these diseases. 66 Other bacterial products reflect the role of colonic microbiota in the fermentation of undigested carbohydrates to short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 68 SCFAs can act as signaling molecules by binding to G protein-coupled receptors, Gpr41, and Gpr43.…”

Section: Effect Of Bacterial Metabolites On the Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulatory Effects of Gut Microbiota on the Central Nervous System: How Gut Could Play a Role in Neuropsychiatric Health and Diseases

Yarandi

Peterson

Treisman

et al. 2016

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

222

134

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Gut microbiome is an integral part of the Gut-Brain axis. It is becoming increasingly recognized that the presence of a healthy and diverse gut microbiota is important to normal cognitive and emotional processing. It was known that altered emotional state and chronic stress can change the composition of gut microbiome, but it is becoming more evident that interaction between gut microbiome and central nervous system is bidirectional. Alteration in the composition of the gut microbiome can potentially lead to increased intestinal permeability and impair the function of the intestinal barrier. Subsequently, neuro-active compounds and metabolites can gain access to the areas within the central nervous system that regulate cognition and emotional responses. Deregulated inflammatory response, promoted by harmful microbiota, can activate the vagal system and impact neuropsychological functions. Some bacteria can produce peptides or short chain fatty acids that can affect gene expression and inflammation within the central nervous system. In this review, we summarize the evidence supporting the role of gut microbiota in modulating neuropsychological functions of the central nervous system and exploring the potential underlying mechanisms.

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Section: Effect Of Bacterial Metabolites On the Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Bacterial Metabolites On the Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory Effects of Gut Microbiota on the Central Nervous System: How Gut Could Play a Role in Neuropsychiatric Health and Diseases

Yarandi

Peterson

Treisman

et al. 2016

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

222

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These effects are not only relevant to neurodegeneration and repair [31][32][33] but may also be involved in the manifestation of psychiatric disorders. Specifically, increased levels of IgA and IgM against LPS of commensal gut bacteria are found in the circulation of patients with depression or chronic fatigue syndrome, and the hypothesis has been put forward that increased translocation of LPS across a leaky gut may be a factor that contributes to these pathologies [34,35]. Taken all findings together, it would appear, therefore, that the physiological roles of the symbiotic gut microbiota relate not only to the regulation of digestion at the gastrointestinal level but also extend to systemic immunity and brain function.…”

Section: The Gut-brain Axis Involves Microbial Immune Endocrine Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infection and inflammation are increasingly recognized to have an impact on the pathogenesis of mood disorders [18,19,106,107], and clinical evidence suggests that activation of the intestinal immune system by constituents of the intestinal microbiota can give rise to depression [34] and chronic fatigue syndrome [35]. Experimentally, the impact of peripheral immune challenge on brain function and behaviour can be modelled by systemic administration of LPS or Bacille Calmette-Guérin [18,19,106,108].…”

Section: Effect Of Npy To Protect From Immune Challenge-evoked Behavimentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptides and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

Holzer

Farzi

2014

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

367

290

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Neuropeptides are important mediators both within the nervous system and between neurons and other cell types. Neuropeptides such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide and neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, somatostatin and corticotropin-releasing factor are also likely to play a role in the bidirectional gut-brain communication. In this capacity they may influence the activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota and its interaction with the gutbrain axis. Current efforts in elucidating the implication of neuropeptides in the microbiota-gutbrain axis address 4 information carriers from the gut to the brain (vagal and spinal afferent neurons; immune mediators such as cytokines; gut hormones; gut microbiota-derived signalling molecules) and 4 information carriers from the central nervous system to the gut (sympathetic efferent neurons; parasympathetic efferent neurons; neuroendocrine factors involving the adrenal medulla; neuroendocrine factors involving the adrenal cortex). Apart from operating as neurotransmitters, many biologically active peptides also function as gut hormones. Given that neuropeptides and gut hormones target the same cell membrane receptors (typically G proteincoupled receptors), the two messenger roles often converge in the same or similar biological implications. This is exemplified by NPY and peptide YY (PYY), two members of the PP-fold peptide family. While PYY is almost exclusively expressed by enteroendocrine cells, NPY is found at all levels of the gut-brain and brain-gut axis. The function of PYY-releasing enteroendocrine cells is directly influenced by short chain fatty acids generated by the intestinal microbiota from indigestible fibre, while NPY may control the impact of the gut microbiota on inflammatory processes, pain, brain function and behaviour. Although the impact of neuropeptides on the interaction between the gut microbiota and brain awaits to be analysed, biologically active peptides are likely to emerge as neural and endocrine messengers in orchestrating the microbiotagut-brain axis in health and disease.

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“…However, this exaggerated acute stress response in germ-free mice can be reverted with bacterial transplant from healthy mice [10]. This effect occurs in normally colonized organisms as well -increased gut permeability leads to bacterial translocation that in turn results in HPA axis response and immune activation [11]. HPA axis reaction against acute stress may be ameliorated by probiotic treatment [12].…”

Section: The Interplay Between the Microbiome And The Hpa Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system and their role in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression

Chrobak¹,

Nowakowski²,

Dudek³

2016

Arch Psych Psych

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SummaryThe microbiome co-evolved with its human host over a long time and became essential for many processes. Bacteria play a role in maintaining human health as they digest food, produce vitamins and participate in the regulation of metabolism. By influencing the cytokine balance along with the composition and activity of leukocytes, they constantly interact with the immune system, affecting innate and adaptive immune homeostasis. A growing number of studies indicate that the microbiome in the human intestine may have an impact on the functions of the central nervous system (CNS), through identified pathways called the gut-brain axis. Recent data show that the human microbiome ecosystem interferes with the brain's development, central signaling systems and behavior. It has been proposed that disruption in the human microbiome may affect the course of psychiatric disorders. The aim of this review is to summarize the recognized pathways of the gut-brain axis that have been thoroughly studied in animal models and to evaluate the role of the dialogue between the microbiota and the central nervous system in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. microbiome/gut-brain axis/vagus nerve/neurotransmission/hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

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Increased IgA responses to the LPS of commensal bacteria is associated with inflammation and activation of cell-mediated immunity in chronic fatigue syndrome

Cited by 91 publications

References 51 publications

Modulatory Effects of Gut Microbiota on the Central Nervous System: How Gut Could Play a Role in Neuropsychiatric Health and Diseases

Modulatory Effects of Gut Microbiota on the Central Nervous System: How Gut Could Play a Role in Neuropsychiatric Health and Diseases

Neuropeptides and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

Interactions between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system and their role in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression

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