Increased Epicardial, Pericardial, and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Is Associated with the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Calcium

Ahmadi, Naser; Nabavi, Vahid; Yang, Eric H.; Hajsadeghi, Fereshteh; Lakis, Mustapha El; Flores, Ferdinand; Zeb, Irfan; Bevinal, Manzoor; Ebrahimi, Ramin; Budoff, Matthew J.

doi:10.1016/j.acra.2010.08.017

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Previous studies examined the association of PAT volume with CAC and obstructive as well as non-obstructive CAD, but most of them showed either a progressive association [11,[20][21][22], or no association [23][24]. In the present study, the severity of coronary calci cation was shown to be proportional to PAT volume and patient age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Association of pericardial adipose tissue volume with presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis

Wang

Wang²,

Peng³

et al. 2013

CIM

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Association of pericardial adipose tissue volume with presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis Abstract Purpose: is study was to investigate whether high pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) volume is related to the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods: Consecutive patients (310 patients) who underwent both dual-source 64-slice CT and percutaneous coronary angiography were recruited into this study. Waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), blood biochemical variables, coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and Gensini score were measured. Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) volume was determined by dual-source CT.Results: PAT volume was positively correlated with BMI, WC, gender (male), hypertension, diabetes, age, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. PAT volume in CAD patients was signi cantly higher than that in patients without CAD (238.36 ± 81.21 cm 3 vs. 200.13±72.34 cm 3 ). PAT volumes in patients with multi-vessel lesions were signi cantly higher than those with one-vessel lesions (P<0.001). A signi cant correlation between PAT volume and CAC score (r=0.305, P<0.001) was found. PAT volume was an independent factor a ecting Gensini score. Conclusion:PAT volume was signi cantly correlated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the severity of coronary atherosclerosis and the number of stenotic coronary vessels. us, PAT volume may be a reliable marker to evaluate the presence and severity of CAD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Association of pericardial adipose tissue volume with presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis

Wang

Wang²,

Peng³

et al. 2013

CIM

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“…Several previous studies have found that CT-measured EAT volume played an important causal role in coronary atherosclerotic burden or coronary artery disease [6-8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relation of location-specific epicardial adipose tissue thickness and obstructive coronary artery disease: systemic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Chou

et al. 2014

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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BackgroundThere is growing evidence about the importance of epicardial adiposity on cardiometabolic risk. However, the relation of location-specific epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness to coronary atherosclerotic burden is still unclear.MethodsThis meta-analysis was used to study the relations between location-specific EAT thickness and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). A systemic literature search to identify eligible studies that met the inclusion criteria from the beginning until January 2014 was made. We conducted the meta-analysis of all included 10 published studies. Pre-specified subgroup analyses were performed according to ethnicity, body mass index, diagnostic tools for CAD, and measurement tool if presence of high heterogeneity between studies. Potential publication bias was also assessed.ResultsWe identified ten observed studies with a total of 1625 subjects for planned comparison. With regard to the association between obstructive CAD and location-specific EAT thickness at the right ventricular free wall, caution is warranted. The pooled estimate showed that location-specific EAT thickness at the right ventricular free wall was significantly higher in the CAD group than non-CAD group (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.70 mm, 95% CI: 0.26-1.13, P = 0.002), although heterogeneity was high (I2 = 93%). It should be clear that only the result of echocardiography-based studies showed a significant association (SMD: 0.98 mm, 95% CI: 0.43-1.53, P = 0.0005), and the result of all included CT-based studies showed a non-significant association (SMD: 0.06 mm, 95% CI: -0.12-0.25, P = 0.50). In the subgroup analysis, the “diagnostic tools for CAD” or “measurement tool of EAT thickness” are potential major sources of heterogeneity between studies. With regard to location-specific EAT thickness at the left atrioventricular (AV) groove, it was significantly higher in the CAD group than non-CAD group (SMD: 0.74 mm, 95% CI: 0.55-0.92, P <0.00001; I2 = 0%).ConclusionOur meta-analysis suggests that significantly elevated location-specific EAT thickness at the left AV groove is associated with obstructive CAD. Based on the current evidence, the location-specific EAT thickness at the left AV groove appears to be a good predictor in obstructive CAD, especially in Asian populations. Furthermore well-designed studies are warranted because of the current limited number of studies.

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“…Thus, increased epicardial, pericardial, and subcutaneous fat is associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery calcium (3). However, greater attention has focused on visceral adipose tissue in comparison with subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in the last few years because it is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor for advanced glycation end-products expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue is related to coronary artery disease

Rodiño-Janeiro

Salgado-Somoza²,

Teijeira-Fernández³

et al. 2011

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Obesity, a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), is associated with inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while advanced glycation end-products, through their receptor (AGER or RAGE), play an important role on these processes. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression levels of RAGE, NADPH oxidase subunits, and catalase in adipose tissue in relation with CAD. Design and methods: Patients undergoing heart surgery were included in two groups: with and without CAD. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsies were analyzed for gene expression by RT-quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, or western blot. Results: RAGE mRNA and protein expression in SAT from patients with CAD was lower than in patients without CAD. However, there was no change in EAT from patients with or without CAD. P22-PHOX and RAGE gene expression were higher in EAT than in SAT, whereas catalase mRNA levels were lower. NADPH oxidase subunits and catalase mRNA expression were not influenced by CAD. Whereas NADPH oxidase-dependent oxidative response of SAT and EAT to lipid circulating levels could be different; glycemic levels were not related with the analyzed genes expression. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that RAGE expression in SAT, but not in EAT, is down-regulated in patients with CAD with respect to those without CAD. Although changes were not observed for NADPH oxidase subunits or catalase expression between CAD and non-CAD patients, a possible relationship between ROS production and RAGE expression in adipose tissues cannot be ruled out.

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Increased Epicardial, Pericardial, and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Is Associated with the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Calcium

Cited by 49 publications

References 35 publications

Association of pericardial adipose tissue volume with presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis

Association of pericardial adipose tissue volume with presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis

The relation of location-specific epicardial adipose tissue thickness and obstructive coronary artery disease: systemic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Receptor for advanced glycation end-products expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue is related to coronary artery disease

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