Increased chemical stability but decreased physical protection of soil organic carbon in response to nutrient amendment in a Tibetan alpine meadow

Shen, Ding–Yu; Ye, Chenglong; Hu, Zhengkun; Chen, Xiaoyun; Guo, Hui; Li, Junyong; Du, Guozhen; Adl, Sina M.; Liu, Manqiang

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.08.008

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Furthermore, the added N hurt the richness of soil bacteria, which likely reduced SOC mineralization and increased soil C sequestration [28]. Long-term nutrient enrichment might have shifted the mechanisms of C stabilization from physical protection to chemical stabilization via shifting microbial community composition [29]. When M was used as the soil amendment, the application of N was more beneficial for the increase of aromatic C proportion in HAs in Chernozem.…”

Section: Wave Numbers (Cm −1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Nitrogen Application Levels on Properties of Humic Acids in Chernozem Amended with Different Types of Organic Materials

et al. 2019

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The objective of this study was to examine the structure changes in humic acids (HAs) in Chernozem after the application of different types of organic materials (OMs) under an indoor simulation condition for plastic mulched drip irrigation, measured with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The biotechnological extract of fulvic acid (BFA), decomposed sheep manure (M), corn straw pellets (Ps) and corn straw powder (Pr) were used as the four OMs for testing, and they were applied to Chernozem at the same amount of actual material; three nitrogen (N) levels (no N, low N, and high N supply) were applied to each type of (OMs), separately. The total culture period was set to 90 days and soil sampling was taken at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days, respectively. The results showed that different types of OMs exerted different effects on Chernozem based on the FTIR spectra of HAs. The application of M combined with high N supply was the best way to fertilize Chernozem, under which the H-bonded OH groups and aromatic compounds were enhanced, resulting in increased soil carbon (C) sequestration; while the carbohydrates in HAs was easily consumed as microbial energy substance. The HAs from the Chernozem amended with BFA became more aliphatic, simpler and younger. High N supply was beneficial for increasing the complexity of HAs from Chernozem amended with Ps, but was not conducive to soil cation retention. Within a short time of incubation, the application of Pr combined with high N was detrimental to the C sequestration in Chernozem, and inhibited the consumption of carbohydrates by microorganisms.

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Section: Wave Numbers (Cm −1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Nitrogen Application Levels on Properties of Humic Acids in Chernozem Amended with Different Types of Organic Materials

et al. 2019

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“…Verrucomicrobia (5) and Actinobacteria (4) in N30, Bacteroidetes (7) and Fusobacteria (7) in N60, and Spirochaetes (3) and Firmicutes (2) in N90 appeared as the main discriminant clades. Fungal LEfSe indicated that Ascomycota (41,21,18, and 69) and Basidiomycota (15, 7, 8, and 14) were the main discriminant clades, and they displayed sharp changes at the N90 level (Table 5). From these results, we inferred that bacterial groups differed along with fungal groups under SND, thereby suggesting that both bacteria and fungi are sensitive to N levels and that the fungal discriminant clades show an increased response to high N levels.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Microbial Beta-diversity Under Sndmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil microorganisms can be affected by N deposition and features of the soil microhabitat, such as pH [13][14][15], bulk density and water-holding capacity [16,17], particulate size [18,19], and aggregate stability [20,21]. However, alterations in the composition of soil microbial communities due to changes in pH and particle size as a result of N deposition are not well understood despite the importance of microbial communities in the N cycle [15,22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the Compositions of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities Due to Microhabitat Effects Induced by Simulated Nitrogen Deposition of a Bamboo Forest in Wetland

Huang²,

Ekawati

et al. 2019

Forests

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Although numerous studies have been published on nitrogen (N) deposition, little is known about its impact on microbial communities in wetland forests. Here, we used simulated nitrogen deposition (SND) to analyze the importance of differences in soil microhabitats in promoting the diversity of soil bacteria and fungi. We compared various levels of SND (control (CK), low N (N30), medium N (N60), and high N (N90)) and found that these were associated with changes in soil microhabitats. Additionally, SND affected soil pH, clay and sand content of the soil, and specific surface area (SSA). Bacteria and fungi responded differently to increased SND levels. The alpha diversity of bacteria decreased with an increased SND level, while fungal abundance, diversity, and community evenness reached their maximum values at the N60 threshold. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), nonparametric multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) coupled with effect size measurements (LefSe) also confirmed that the bacterial composition was different at N90 compared to other levels of SND while that of fungi was different at N60. A higher discriminant level (LDA score ≥4) may be a valuable index of selecting indicator microbial clades sensitive to SND for wetland management. Further, an increased pH was associated with a greater abundance of bacteria and fungi. In addition, the volume contents of clay and SSA were negatively correlated with bacteria but fungi are associated with soil specific gravity (SSG). Overall, in a neutral soil pH environment, pH fluctuation is the main influencing factor in terms of bacterial and fungal abundance and diversity. The diversity of fungi is more dependent on the type and relative content of solid phase components in soil than that of bacteria, implying the presence of species-specific niches for bacteria and fungi. These results demonstrate that changes in SND can induce short-term microbial and microhabitat changes.

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“…Enzymes rule the biological catabolism of organic and mineral components in the soil. This process is closely related to organic matter, physical properties, and microbial activity and biomass; therefore, it is widely used to assess the quality of the soil, since it indicates changes in microbial activity and the presence of pollutants in the soil [14,20,21].…”

Section: Biological Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The respiratory coefficient represents the relation between carbon in the microbial biomass and total organic carbon (TOC). This coefficient indicates microbial biomass efficiency in using the available carbon for biosynthesis [21,22].…”

Section: Biological Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological Tests as a Tool to Assess the Quality of the Soil

Clasen¹,

Lisbôa²

2019

Soil Contamination and Alternatives for Sustainable Development

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Terrestrial ecotoxicology is used to evaluate the effects of substances that, whenever added to the soil, have impact on organisms and help measuring the responses from changes in the lethality, reproduction, development, and behavior of standardized soil organisms. Terrestrial ecotoxicology is a new tool that has been introduced in many countries, including Brazil, and yet little used. However, it is already widely used in Europe, besides being mandatory in research to indicate the toxicity of waste discharged in the soil. The aim of this chapter is to emphasize the importance and need of developing studies focused on the use of terrestrial ecotoxicology as a tool to assess fast and reliable responses from the toxicity of substances incorporated to the soil.

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Increased chemical stability but decreased physical protection of soil organic carbon in response to nutrient amendment in a Tibetan alpine meadow

Cited by 53 publications

References 65 publications

Influences of Nitrogen Application Levels on Properties of Humic Acids in Chernozem Amended with Different Types of Organic Materials

Influences of Nitrogen Application Levels on Properties of Humic Acids in Chernozem Amended with Different Types of Organic Materials

Variations in the Compositions of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities Due to Microhabitat Effects Induced by Simulated Nitrogen Deposition of a Bamboo Forest in Wetland

Ecotoxicological Tests as a Tool to Assess the Quality of the Soil

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