Increase of Mn solubility with decreasing grain size in ZnO

Straumal, Boris B.; Baretzky, B.; Мазилкин, А. А.; Protasova, S. G.; Myatiev, A. A.; Straumal, P. B.

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.01.005

Cited by 148 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…The decreasing average particle size of the nanoparticles from 35.73 nm to 18.24 nm with increase in Mn concentration from 0.0 to 0.2 is observed as discussed by Straumal et al [28]. It clearly shows the presence of nano-sized particles in the samples.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Structural, optical and photoluminescence studies of heavily Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles annealed under Ar atmosphere

Muthukumaran¹

2011

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Undoped and heavily Mn-doped with ZnO nanoparticles (Zn 1-x Mn x O, x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2) annealed under Ar atmosphere have been synthesized by a sol-gel method. The structural properties and optical absorption of the prepared samples have been examined by powder X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV-visible spectrophotometer. Hexagonal wurtzite structure of the samples is confirmed by the XRD spectra. The average crystalline size of the Zn 1-x Mn x O nanoparticles has been calculated from X-ray line broadening and is decreased from 35.73 to 18.24 nm with increase in Mn concentrations from 0.0 to 0.2. The increase in lattice parameters indicates the substitution of Mn in ZnO lattice. SEM and TEM photographs indicated that the grain size of undoped ZnO is bigger than the Mn-doped ZnO which is due to the limitations of grain growth upon Mn doping. The presence of functional groups and the chemical bonding due to Mn doping is confirmed by FTIR spectra. PL spectra of the Zn 1-x Mn x O system showed that the shift in near band edge emission at 390 nm and a blue band emission at 450-490 nm which confirms the substitution of Mn.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Structural, optical and photoluminescence studies of heavily Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles annealed under Ar atmosphere

Muthukumaran¹

2011

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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“…Furthermore, XRD spectra revealed mono-phasic structure even in heavy doped nanopowders. This increasing Mn solubility in ZnO structure is due to decreasing particle size, as discussed by Straumal et al [8,14]. Mn effect on lattice constants and peak positions shifts is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Even, ferromagnetic state was reported below and above room temperature [6,7]. In addition to magnetic properties of ZnO:Mn, Mn can severely affect the electrical properties especially in ceramics due to Mn preferring to place in grain boundaries [8]. For example, the nonlinear coefficient of ZnO varistors is increased suddenly by Mn doping [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and optical properties of zinc oxide nanopowders doped with Mn

Abrishami

Hosseini

Kakhki

et al. 2010

Phys. Status Solidi (c)

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Pure ZnO and Zn1‐xMnxO (x = 0, 0.02, 0.06, 0.10, 0.15) nanopowders have been synthesized by sol gel technique at low temperatures. XRD results indicate that the powder has a hexagonal polycrystalline structure without secondary phases. The nanopowders were characterized using the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. Kramers‐Kronig's analysis of mid‐IR reflectance spectra were employed to determine the doping effect on the optical constants and optical phonon modes frequencies. The optical band gap energy decreases from 3.22 eV to 3.12 eV for pure ZnO and Zn0.9Mn0.1O dispersed powders, respectively (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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“…Furthermore, the grain boundary properties combined with the lack of effect from PAA coating on particle coalescence demonstrated by the constant average agglomerate size across samples could be the reason why there was also a lack of change in magnetization with PAA concentration. It should also be pointed out that the adsorption of ZnO at the grain boundaries is higher than free surfaces, allowing for increased solubility limits [31], and so the intereaction between particles at their interface may be competing with the PAA coating effect resulting in little difference in the overall magnetization when using PAA. No impurity phases were detected with XRD or evidence of other elements or states with XPS, so the observed magnetization seems to be of intrinsic origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetism of ZnO nanoparticles: Dependence on crystallite size and surfactant coating

Thurber

Beausoleil

Alanko

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Many recent reports on magnetism in otherwise nonmagnetic oxides have demonstrated that nanoparticle size, surfactant coating, or doping with magnetic ions produces room-temperature ferromagnetism. Specifically, ZnO has been argued to be a room-temperature ferromagnet through all three of these methods in various experimental studies. For this reason, we have prepared a series of 1% Fe doped ZnO nanoparticle samples using a single forced hydrolysis co-precipitation synthesis method from the same precursors, while varying size (6 -15 nm) and surface coating concentration to study the combined effects of these two parameters. Size was controlled by modifying the water concentration. Surfactant coating was adjusted by varying the concentration of poly acrylic acid (PAA) in solution. Samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical absorptance spectroscopy, and magnetometry. No clear systematic effect on magnetization was observed as a function of surfactant coating, while evidence for a direct dependence of magnetization on the crystallite size is apparent.

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Increase of Mn solubility with decreasing grain size in ZnO

Cited by 148 publications

References 100 publications

Structural, optical and photoluminescence studies of heavily Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles annealed under Ar atmosphere

Structural, optical and photoluminescence studies of heavily Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles annealed under Ar atmosphere

Structural and optical properties of zinc oxide nanopowders doped with Mn

Magnetism of ZnO nanoparticles: Dependence on crystallite size and surfactant coating

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