Increase of cholesterol turnover of old rats connected by parabiosis with young rats∗

Hruza, Z

doi:10.1016/0531-5565(71)90054-4

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These studies also included parabiosis of animals that had been subjected to caloric restriction (to the point of growth retardation), with animals fed ad libitum, and demonstrated a beneficial effect on lifespan extension. In 1971, it was reported that heterochronic parabiosis improved cholesterol metabolism of the older parabiont (Hruza, 1971). This was followed in 1972 by the first systematic study the effect of heterochronic parabiosis on lifespan (Ludwig & Elashoff, 1972).…”

Section: Heterochronic Parabiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterochronic parabiosis: historical perspective and methodological considerations for studies of aging and longevity

2013

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Summary Pairing two animals in parabiosis to test for systemic or circulatory factors from one animal affecting the other animal has been used in scientific studies for at least 150 years. These studies have led to advances in fields as diverse as endocrinology, immunology, and oncology. A variation on the technique, heterochronic parabiosis, whereby two animals of different ages are joined to test for systemic regulators of aspects of aging or age-related diseases also has almost a century-long scientific history. In this review, we focus on the history of heterochronic parabiosis, methodological considerations and caveats, and the major advances that have emerged from those studies, including recent advances in our understanding of stem cell aging.

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Section: Heterochronic Parabiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterochronic parabiosis: historical perspective and methodological considerations for studies of aging and longevity

2013

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“…Biochemical activities such as Ca 2+ uptake by the aorta, cholesterol transfer from the serum to the aorta and muscle, or collagenase activity in old rats after parabiosis with young rats seemed to shift closer to those in young control rats, while the activities in the young partner rats remained at the levels of the young controls (9)(10)(11). On the other hand, histological characteristics such as hepatic cell size and number in young rats after parabiosis with old rats shifted closer to those in old control rats, and those in old partner rats shifted to those in young controls (12,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Young-old parabiotic rats have been used in experiments to elucidate age-related changes in old rats (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Biochemical activities such as Ca 2+ uptake by the aorta, cholesterol transfer from the serum to the aorta and muscle, or collagenase activity in old rats after parabiosis with young rats seemed to shift closer to those in young control rats, while the activities in the young partner rats remained at the levels of the young controls (9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Parabiosis technique has been used in the study of the humoral transmission of many substances including hormones (7) and factors relating to aging (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) or immunity (14,15). If the alterations in bile acid metabolism are caused by the age-related changes in humoral factors, the increase in CA synthesis or the decrease in CDCA synthesis in aged rats will be prevented by the parabiosis with young rats, or the bile acid metabolism in young rats will be shifted to an aged state after parabiosis with old rats.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bile acid metabolism in young‐old parabiotic rats

Uchida

Takase

Nomura

et al. 1997

Lipids

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Serum cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid levels, liver cholesterol concentration, bile flow, biliary cholesterol, phospholipid and bile acid secretion rates, fecal sterol and bile acid levels and their bile acid compositions were examined in young-old parabiotic rats and compared with those in young and old control rats and young-young parabiotic rats. Bile acid composition was expressed in terms of the cholic acid group/chenodeoxycholic acid group (CA/CDCA) ratio. Body weight (BW) gain decreased after parabiosis especially in old rats, but the liver weight (g/100 g BW), diet-intake, feces dry weight, liver cholesterol concentration and fecal sterol level were almost the same in all the groups. The biliary bile acid secretion rate was higher and the fecal bile acid level was lower in old rats than those in young rats but both the levels became comparable with those in young rats after parabiosis of old rats with young rats. Young rats, however, showed no changes in these levels after parabiosis. The serum cholesterol level and the biliary and fecal CA/CDCA ratios in old rats were higher than those in young rats but decreased after parabiosis with young rats, although they were still higher than those in young rats. The serum cholesterol level in young rats increased after parabiosis with old rats, but not after parabiosis with young rats, and the fecal bile acid level and the CA/CDCA ratio were not changed in either case. It is concluded from these findings that the serum cholesterol level and the CA/CDCA ratio increased with age and that these increases were prevented after parabiosis with young rats while young rats, although their serum cholesterol level was increased, showed no increase in the CA/CDCA ratio after parabiosis with old rats.

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“…This is where heterochronic parabiosis, the surgical union between an adult and an old organism, can be used as a powerful platform to both isolate individual pro-and anti-geronic factors and to understand the complexity of ageing. The anti-geronic effects of heterochronic parabiosis have been demonstrated thoroughly in skeletal muscle [7], central nervous system [8][9][10][11], pancreatic b cell proliferation [12], cardiac tissue [13], bone repair [14] and systemic cholesterol turnover [15]. In some cases, single molecules or pathways were identified as playing a significant pro-or anti-geronic role in the aetiology of ageing in the reported tissue.…”

Section: Heterochronic Parabiosis As Means To Study Ageing and (Immunmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeostatic migration and distribution of innate immune cells in primary and secondary lymphoid organs with ageing

Nikolich‐Žugich

Davies

2017

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryAgeing of the innate and adaptive immune system, collectively termed immune senescence, is a complex process. One method to understand the components of ageing involves dissociating the effects of ageing on the cells of the immune system, on the microenvironment in lymphoid organs and tissues where immune cells reside and on the circulating factors that interact with both immune cells and their microenvironment. Heterochronic parabiosis, a surgical union of two organisms of disparate ages, is ideal for this type of study, as it has the power to dissociate the age of the cell and the age of the microenvironment into which the cell resides or is migrating. So far, however, it has been used sparingly to study immune ageing. Here we review the limited literature on homeostatic innate immune cell trafficking in ageing in the absence of chronic inflammation. We also review our own recent data on trafficking of innate immune subsets between primary and secondary lymphoid organs in heterochronic parabiosis. We found no systemic bias in retention or acceptance of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells or natural killer cells with ageing in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. We conclude that these four innate immune cell types migrate to and populate lymphoid organs (peripheral lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow), regardless of their own age and of the age of lymphoid organs.

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Increase of cholesterol turnover of old rats connected by parabiosis with young rats∗

Cited by 15 publications

References 2 publications

Heterochronic parabiosis: historical perspective and methodological considerations for studies of aging and longevity

Heterochronic parabiosis: historical perspective and methodological considerations for studies of aging and longevity

Bile acid metabolism in young‐old parabiotic rats

Homeostatic migration and distribution of innate immune cells in primary and secondary lymphoid organs with ageing

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