Increase in Salmonella entericasubspecies diarizonaeserovar 61:k:l,5,(7) in sheep

High prevalence of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae in tonsils of sheep at slaughter

“…arizonae (IIIa) and diarizonae (IIIb) can be challenging with routine biochemical and serological tests. Some members of these subspecies differ from other Salmonella by their ability to ferment lactose (Lapage & Jayaraman, 1964;Chong et al, 1991;Davies et al, 2001). As lactose fermentation is one of the key diagnostic principles on which standard methods for the isolation of Salmonella are based, lactose-positive Salmonella strains represent a special diagnostic problem and may go unnoticed.…”

“…S. enterica subspecies diarizonae 61:k:1,5,(7) is considered to be host adapted to sheep like S. Abortusovis, however, it does occasionally occur in other animals and in humans also (Hall and Rowe, 1992). The serotype 61:k:1,5,(7) is one of the most frequently isolated serotype in sheep in Great Britain (Davies et al, 2001;Milnes et al, 2008) and it has also been isolated from sheep in Norway, Switzerland and North America (Pritchard, 1990;Alvseike & Skjerve, 2002;Zweifel et al, 2004). It has been associated with gastroenteritis, abortion and stillbirth (Davies et al, 2001;Alvseike & Skjerve, 2002).…”

“…enterica subspecies diarizonae has frequently been isolated from reptiles and their surroundings (Davies et al, 2001;Bauwens et al, 2006). Several different serotypes of S. enterica subspecies diarizonae including serotype 61:k:1,5,(7) have also been isolated from sheep (Milnes et al, 2008).…”

“…The serotype 61:k:1,5,(7) is one of the most frequently isolated serotype in sheep in Great Britain (Davies et al, 2001;Milnes et al, 2008) and it has also been isolated from sheep in Norway, Switzerland and North America (Pritchard, 1990;Alvseike & Skjerve, 2002;Zweifel et al, 2004). It has been associated with gastroenteritis, abortion and stillbirth (Davies et al, 2001;Alvseike & Skjerve, 2002). Suppurative epididymo-orchitis in ram associated with S. enterica subspecies diarizonae 61:k:1,5,(7) was recently reported in Spain (Ferreras et al, 2007).…”

Overexpression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Contributes to Phagocytosis of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium via Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signaling in Sheep

“…Salmonella has been widely identified in sheep in many countries [1][2][3] and can cause acute gastroenteritis, sepsis, and even abortion, which gravely affect animal health and production [4]. Depending on the type III secretion system present in bacteria, these bacteria can invade and survive within phagocytes.…”