Increase in basin sediment yield from landslides in storms following major seismic disturbance

Chuang, Shan Chieh; Chen, Hongey; Lin, Gong−Ru; Lin, Chih Chung; Chang, Chung Pai

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.08.001

Cited by 57 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Taiwan is characterized by a fragile geological environment, and areas that display a high density of geological discontinuity are more prone to mass movements (Chen et al 1999;Chen and Su 2001;Chuang et al 2009). Interestingly, the number and magnitude of rainfall-induced mass movements increased after the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake because slopes became more vulnerable (Chang and Slaymaker 2002;Dadson et al 2004;Cheng et al 2005), which reduced both the maximum rainfall intensity and critical cumulative rainfall required to trigger mass movements (Lin et al 2003;Shieh et al 2009;Chen 2011).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall intensity–duration conditions for mass movements in Taiwan

Chen

Saitô

Oguchi

2015

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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Mass movements caused by rainfall events in Taiwan are analyzed during a 7-year period from 2006 to 2012. Data from the Taiwan Soil and Water Conservation Bureau reports were compiled for 263 mass movement events, including 156 landslides, 91 debris flows, and 16 events with both landslides and debris flows. Rainfall totals for each site location were obtained from interpolated rain gauge data. The rainfall intensity-duration (I-D) relationship was examined to establish a rainfall threshold for mass movements using random sampling: I = 18.10(±2.67)D −0.17(±0.04) , where I is mean rainfall intensity (mm/h) and D is the time (h) between the beginning of a rainfall event and the resulting mass movement. Significant differences were found between rainfall intensities and thresholds for landslides and debris flows. For short-duration rainfall events, higher mean rainfall intensities were required to trigger debris flows. In contrast, for long-duration rainfall events, similar mean rainfall intensities triggered both landslides and debris flows. Mean rainfall intensity was rescaled by mean annual precipitation (MAP) to define a new threshold: I MAP = 0.0060(±0.0009)D −0.17(±0.04) , where I MAP is rescaled rainfall intensity and MAP is the minimum for mountainous areas in Taiwan (3000 mm). Although the I-D threshold for Taiwan is high, the I MAP -D threshold for Taiwan tends to be low relative to other areas around the world. Our results indicate that Taiwan is highly prone to rainfall-induced mass movements. This study also shows that most mass movements occur in high rainfall-intensity periods, but some events occur before or after the rainfall peak. Both antecedent and peak rainfall play important roles in triggering landslides, whereas debris flow occurrence is more related to peak rainfall than antecedent rainfall.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall intensity–duration conditions for mass movements in Taiwan

Chen

Saitô

Oguchi

2015

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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“…Besides the historical eye witnesses of muddy rivers after earthquakes (e.g. after the 1663 Charlevoix and 1679 Erivan earthquakes mentioned in Doig (1986) and Ambraseys and Finkel (1995), respectively), possible increase in sediment yield by earthquake-induced landslides is further evidenced by quantitative analyses of the suspended load of rivers before and after the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake (Dadson et al, 2004;Lin et al, 2008;Chuang et al, 2009). More recently, Avşar (2014) reported similar observations related to three earthquakes in Turkey; the 1998 Adana-Ceyhan Earthquake (Mw=6.2), the 1999 İzmit (Mw=7.4) and Düzce (Mw=7.2) earthquakes.…”

Section: Earthquake Sedimentary Records In Lacustrine Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismically-triggered organic-rich layers in recent sediments from Göllüköy Lake (North Anatolian Fault, Turkey)

Avşar

Hubert‐Ferrari

Batist

et al. 2014

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Multi-proxy analyses on the sedimentary sequence of Göllüköy Lake, which is located on the eastern North Anatolian Fault (NAF), reveals a complete and high-resolution paleoseismic record for the last 650 years. Six sedimentary events are detected in a 3.1 m-long piston core. They form distinct organic-rich intercalations within the background sedimentation, which are characterized by strong anomalies on the loss-on-ignition (LOI) and total organic carbon (TOC) profiles, as well as by lighter colours on the X-ray radiographic images. Itrax micro-XRF core scanner data are also used to contribute to the detection and characterization of the event deposits. After the detection of the sedimentary events, their temporal correlation with the earthquakes in the historical seismicity catalogue of the NAF is tested. The youngest event is dated to 1940s by using 210 Pb and 137 Cs profiles in sediment, which coincides with the 1939 earthquake (M s = 7.7) on the NAF. The ages of the older five events are determined based on radiocarbon dating and regional time-stratigraphic correlation. Radiocarbon dating on the bulk sediment samples does not provide reliable results due to hard-water effect. On the other hand, dating on charcoals, Ephippia of Daphnia and phragmite remains significantly improves the results and implies a mean sedimentation rate of 0.28 cm/yr. Based on this preliminary sedimentation rate, we show that organic matter content variations through our record correlates with the varve-based δ 18 O record of Nar Lake, which is located 350 km southwest of Göllüköy Lake. Accordingly, high-precipitation/low-evaporation climatic episodes detected in Nar Lake are represented by higher organic matter content in Göllüköy sediments. Fine-tuning the Göllüköy LOI record to the Nar δ 18 O record reveals that the ages of the sedimentary events in Göllüköy match with well-known historical earthquakes that occurred around the lake. Finally, the origin of the organic-rich intercalations is discussed based on macroscopic observations and organic geochemistry. The events are attributed to reworked organic matter eroded from the lake's littoral zone by seismically-induced water oscillations (seiche), and their subsequent deposition at the middle parts of the lake. These seismically-induced events are atypical compared to the classic earthquake-triggered sedimentary processes in lacustrine environments, which are shortly reviewed in order to emphasize the unusual Göllüköy Lake record.

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“…The locations of landslides on slopes will influence the rate of sediment delivery into rivers Lin et al, 2008a;Chuang et al, 2009). Additionally, the resident lithological conditions are also important factors which determine the possibility of landslide (Chen and Su, 2001;Lin et al, 2008b;Chuang et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Dadson et al (2004) and Lin et al (2008a) report that after the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, the concentration of suspended sediment increased 2-4 fold in central Taiwan, the epicenter area of Chi-Chi earthquake. The residual sediment in upstream channel or on hillslope was delivered by subsequent typhoon-induced rainstorms to downstream rivers (Lin et al, 2008b;Chuang et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%