Incorporation of Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles in PEMFC Electrodes

Abstract

Pt utilization are comparable to a standard Pt/carbon black electrode possessing the same Pt loading in the electrode. Beside this, it is shown for the fi rst time that ITO serves as support material under real fuel cell conditions. 570 www.MaterialsViews.com www.advenergymat.de

Membrane/Electrode Interface Design for Effective Water Management in Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells

“…2−4 However, the high cost of PEMFCs still hinders their further commercialization and practical use. 5 Meanwhile, as an attractive alternative to PEMFCs, alkaline-membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) have recently attracted considerable interest in the fuel cell research community. Intrinsically, the noncorrosive alkaline environment of AMFCs allows the use of less expensive non-platinum-group metal (non-PGM) catalysts such as silver, 6−8 metal oxides, 9−15 and metal/nitrogen-doped carbon, 16 along with relatively inexpensive metal-based stack systems.…”

“…The development of clean and highly efficient power sources with economic competitiveness has become essential in the light of increasing concerns about our environment and the implementation of stringent environmental policies such as the regulation of CO 2 emission . Consequently, fuel cells and, in particular, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have attracted considerable attention because of their high efficiency, zero pollution (even purifying polluted atmospheric air), and their utility in applications ranging from portable power sources to transportation vehicles. − However, the high cost of PEMFCs still hinders their further commercialization and practical use . Meanwhile, as an attractive alternative to PEMFCs, alkaline-membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) have recently attracted considerable interest in the fuel cell research community.…”

Highly ordered 3D macroporous scaffold supported Pt/C oxygen electrodes with superior gas-proton transportation properties and activities for fuel cells

“…Tuning the morphology and conguration of the electrode has been shown to be an effective way to enhance the proton-gas transfer of the electrode. Different ordered nanostructures, such as aligned carbon nanotubes, 15 3D carbon nanobers, 16 indium tin oxide (ITO) porous networks 17 and Pt-Naon nanobers, 18 were used to promote the gas transfer and ionic transport within the electrode. For example, Kim et al showed that the maximum power density of a three-dimensional macroporous platinum electrode with an inverse opal structure is $17% higher, as compared to its conventional counterpart with the same Pt loading.…”

Nano-structured ternary niobium titanium nitrides as durable non-carbon supports for oxygen reduction reaction

“…In order to ensure electronic conductivity between the supported electrocatalyst phase and the gas-diffusing layer in PEMFCs, catalyst supports should have good electrical conductivity. 4 Transition metal nitrides (TMNs) are ideally suited to support noble metals in PEMFCs because of their high electrical conductivity (metallic), thermal stability (high melting points), exceptional hardness, and corrosion resistance under PEMFC operating environments. 5 It has also been reported that nanoscale materials have different electrical properties than their bulk counterparts, since in nanoscale, meso-and microporous materials, conduction occurs within nanoscale particles, between adjacent nanoscale particles, and along the surfaces of nanoscale particles.…”