Incorporating Leading Edge Mainstream Deammonification into Full-scale Advanced BNR Facilities

Constantine, Tim; Sandino, Julián; Houweling, Dwight; Stephan, Simon; Yin, H.; Nielsen, Per Henrik

doi:10.2175/193864716819714735

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Regulation of C/N ratios is normally applied in order to control the growth of NO 2 − -reducing heterotrophic bacteria, while maintenance of low DO concentration, intermittent aeration, SRT/HRT control, FA and FNA inhibition is applied to control NOB growth in PNA systems (see “Nitritation-denitritation”). However, control of Nitrospira -affiliated NOB is challenging because they can grow under limited substrate and DO conditions such as in the biofilms ( Constantine et al, 2016 ; Park et al, 2017b ). According to Wett et al (2013) , NOB have longer enzymatic lag-phase compared to NOB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological nitrogen removal from low carbon wastewater

et al. 2022

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Nitrogen has traditionally been removed from wastewater by nitrification and denitrification processes, in which organic carbon has been used as an electron donor during denitrification. However, some wastewaters contain low concentrations of organic carbon, which may require external organic carbon supply, increasing treatment costs. As a result, processes such as partial nitrification/anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) (PN/A), autotrophic denitrification, nitritation-denitritation and bioelectrochemical processes have been studied as possible alternatives, and are thus evaluated in this study based on process kinetics, applicability at large-scale and process configuration. Oxygen demand for nitritation-denitritation and PN/A is 25% and 60% lower than for nitrification/denitrification, respectively. In addition, PN/A process does not require organic carbon supply, while its supply for nitritation-denitritation is 40% less than for nitrification/denitrification. Both PN/A and nitritation-denitritation produce less sludge compared to nitrification/denitrification, which saves on sludge handling costs. Similarly, autotrophic denitrification generates less sludge compared to heterotrophic denitrification and could save on sludge handling costs. However, autotrophic denitrification driven by metallic ions, elemental sulfur (S) and its compounds could generate harmful chemicals. On the other hand, hydrogenotrophic denitrification can remove nitrogen completely without generation of harmful chemicals, but requires specialized equipment for generation and handling of hydrogen gas (H2), which complicates process configuration. Bioelectrochemical processes are limited by low kinetics and complicated process configuration. In sum, anammox-mediated processes represent the best alternative to nitrification/denitrification for nitrogen removal in low- and high-strength wastewaters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological nitrogen removal from low carbon wastewater

et al. 2022

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“…Further review of the published articles revealed the dominance of Nitrospira spp. in attached growth mainstream systems (Table ), probably because of their higher affinities for O 2 and NO 2 – , and higher biomass yield than Nitrobacter spp. , Recently, Wang et al reported an increase in Nitrospira concentration with increasing C/N ratio, indicating a possibility of a mixotrophic nature of these microorganisms …”

Section: Microbial Ecology Of Anammox-mediated Nitrogen Removal Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Daigger et al, 90% of the bacterial activity in the underflow of the hydrocyclone (which constitute 10–20% of the total flow) could be ANAMMOX-related. However, the unintended selection of Nitrospira -affiliated NOB together with AMX in granules has been reported in mainstream systems using hydrocyclones for biomass retention . This is probably because Nitrospira spp.…”

Section: Biomass Retention Strategies In Anammox-mediated Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At mainstream conditions, NOB growth, particularly the growth of Nitrospira spp., has been reported to present serious challenges in meeting effluent water quality. ,,, This problem could be magnified in IFAS systems as suspended biomass is recycled from the effluent. This was confirmed by Laureni et al in a comparative study between IFAS-type reactor and MBBR, which found that NOB (dominated by Nitrospira spp.)…”

Section: Microbial Ecology Of Anammox-mediated Nitrogen Removal Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ANAMMOX-mediated processes exhibit many advantages over nitrification/denitrification viz., the need for less aeration, lower sludge generation, and lower greenhouse gas footprint. − However, this technology still has many challenges, including competition for nitrite (NO 2 – ) among AMX, nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and heterotrophic nitrite-reducing denitrifying bacteria; low nitrogen removal at low temperatures; sensitivity to many compounds and slow growth rate of AMX. − In addition, aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (AHB) and NOB present competition for oxygen (O 2 ) to ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in partial nitrification - ANAMMOX (PN/A) systems . To date, several approaches to these challenges have been implemented, including real-time process control, independent regulation of solids retention time (SRT) from hydraulic retention time (HRT), and organic carbon diversion and/or removal through pretreatment in mainstream wastewaters. ,− This notwithstanding, occasional system failures in full-scale systems are not uncommon. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Analysis of Biomass Retention Strategies in Mainstream and Sidestream ANAMMOX-Mediated Nitrogen Removal Systems

Kosgey

Chandran

Gokal

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) represents an energy-efficient process for biological nitrogen removal, particularly from wastewater streams with low chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrogen (C/N) ratios. Its widespread application, however, is still hampered by a lack of access to biomass-enriched with ANAMMOX bacteria (AMX), slow growth rates of AMX, and their sensitivity to inhibition. Although the coupling of ANAMMOX processes with partial nitrification is already widespread, especially for sidestream treatment, maintaining a functional population density of AMX remains a challenge in these systems. Therefore, strategies that maximize retention of AMX-rich biomass are essential to promote process stability. This paper reviews existing methods of biomass retention in ANAMMOX-mediated systems, focusing on (i) granulation; (ii) biofilm formation on carrier materials; (iii) gel entrapment; and (iv) membrane technology in mainstream and sidestream systems. In addition, the microbial ecology of different ANAMMOX-mediated systems is reviewed.

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