Incorporating Ecohydrological Processes Into an Analysis of Charcoal-Livestock Production Systems in the Tropics: An Alternative Interpretation of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus

Mwampamba, Tuyeni H.; Schaik, Loes van; Hernández, Luis Alfonso Castillo

doi:10.3389/fenvs.2018.00099

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…The study used an advanced water modelling approach and simulated the WEF nexus competition system in order to decipher the coupled human-nature interactions in the Great Ruaha River basin and used the Web-based visualization to disseminate the results to nontechnical practitioners [86] Mwampamba TH 2018 Mexico…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Water–Energy–Food Nexus Research in Africa

Botai

Ncongwane

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Notwithstanding the dispersed nature of the water, energy and food (WEF) nexus scholarship in the African continent, its strategic importance to the African agenda has gained widespread attention in research and planning circles. In this regard, the bibliometric science mapping and content analysis of the WEF nexus scientific publication trends, the conceptual, intellectual and social structures, as well as the inherent paradigmatic shifts in the WEF nexus body of knowledge in the African continent have been undertaken, using the nexus body of literature accessed from the Web of Science and Scopus core collection databases. The review results confirmed that, whilst the WEF nexus scholarship has expanded since 2013, there is also evidence of growth in the conceptual, intellectual and social structures of the WEF nexus in the African continent. These shifts have resulted in the emergence of hot topics (subfields) including modelling and optimization, climate variability and change, environmental ecosystem services sustainability, and sustainable development and livelihoods. The review further determined that these structures have evolved along two main perspectives of WEF nexus research development, i.e., the interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary domains. In support of the interpretation of the visual analytics of the intellectual structure and changing patterns of the WEF nexus research, the shifts in positivist, interpretivist and pragmatic paradigmatic perspectives (these are underpinned by the ontology, epistemology, and methodology and methods) are considered when explaining WEF nexus research shifts: (a) From the unconnected silo paradigms that focus on water, energy and food (security concerns) to interconnected (and sometimes interdependent or nested) linkages or systems incorporating environmental, social-economic and political drivers (also viewed as subfields) in a bid to holistically support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) across the African continent; and (b) in the evaluation of the WEF nexus scholarship based on novel analytical approaches. We contend that whilst the theories of science change underpin this apparent expansion, the macro-economic theory will find use in explaining how the WEF nexus research agenda is negotiated and the Integrative Environmental Governance (IEG) is the duly suited governance theory to bridge the inherent disconnect between WEF nexus output and governance processes uncovered in the literature. Overall, operational challenges and opportunities of the WEF nexus abound, transitioning the WEF nexus research to practice in Africa, motivating the need to take advantage of the scholar–practitioner research underpinnings, as contemplated in the transdisciplinary research approach, which is characterised by the dual quest for new knowledge and considerations of use. Yet, there is need for more coordinated and collaborative research to achieve impact and transition from WEF nexus thinking to WEF nexus practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Water–Energy–Food Nexus Research in Africa

Botai

Ncongwane

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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“…We recorded information on both deforestation and forest degradation drivers. The role of forest degradation drivers at deforestation sites was particularly relevant to this study given the policy-linked questions surrounding the relative contributions of charcoal and agriculture in driving deforestation, and a more widespread paucity of data on the co-occurrence of drivers of forest cover change (Mwampamba et al 2018). We also recorded signs of fire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…between 2010-17 (FAOSTAT 2019), suggesting that the impact of livestock grazing may be increasing. The conditions under which livestock grazing acts as a driver of deforestation or of forest degradation requires further research, a conclusion also reached by Mwampamba et al (2018).…”

Section: The Role Of Drivers Of Forest Degradation In Deforestation Ementioning

confidence: 96%

Agriculture is the main driver of deforestation in Tanzania

Doggart

Morgan-Brown

Lyimo

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Reducing deforestation can generate multiple economic, social and ecological benefits by safeguarding the climate and other ecosystem services provided by forests. Understanding the relative contribution of different drivers of deforestation is needed to guide policies seeking to maintain natural forest cover. We assessed 119 randomly selected plots from areas deforested between 2010 and 2017, in Tanzania. Through ground surveys and stakeholder interviews we assessed the proximate deforestation drivers at each point. Crop cultivation was the most commonly observed driver occurring in 89% of plots, compared to livestock grazing (69%) and charcoal (35%). There was evidence of fire in 77% of plots. Most deforestation events involved multiple drivers, with 83% of plots showing signs of two or more drivers. Stakeholder interviews identified agriculture as the primary deforestation driver in 81% of plots, substantially more than charcoal production (12%), timber harvesting (1%) and livestock (1%). Policy-makers in Tanzania have sought to reduce deforestation by reducing demand for charcoal. However, our work demonstrates that agriculture, not charcoal, is the main driver of deforestation in Tanzania. Beyond protected areas, there is no clear policy limiting the conversion of forests to agricultural land. Reducing deforestation in Tanzania requires greater inter-sectoral coordination between the agriculture, livestock, land, energy and forest sectors.

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“…This was despite the law placing restrictions on how the natural forests could be used. The Land Law of 2013 continued to provide only a small number of severely restricted rights to the local people, despite the Forestry Law of 2017 giving major recognition to religious and customary forestry practices [71][72][73].…”

Section: Social Forestrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Societal and Economic Impact of Reforestation Strategies and Policies in Southeast Asia—A Review

Ahmadzai

Zaki

Ismail

et al. 2022

Forests

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This paper assesses the existing reforestation and forest conservation policies and strategies in Southeast Asia and how they have impacted people’s lives. Southeast Asia contains 11 countries and is home to 20% of the world’s species. Unfortunately, the region has been practising deforestation at an alarming rate. The main cause of deforestation in the region is the creation of land for agriculture, with forest fires and the growing demand for timber also contributing. As a result, the region has lost 376,000 km2 of forest in the last 30 years. Parts of the region have been involved in international efforts to protect forests, such as the 2016 Paris Agreement. However, some of these policies have not made much difference because most countries are not willing to support the necessary strategies. From the study findings, the main strength of the existing polices and strategies is that they are being amended to suit different changes in demographics and the practical needs of the sector. The sector has been able to shift from the initial state forestry management to making forests a multi-sectoral economic development agent. On the other hand, there are few polices at the national level that ensure every citizen participates in tree planting and that they understand the need to stop deforestation. In addition, many countries in the region are less willing to join the international communities in fighting climate change; that is, they do not agree with international partnerships like the Pris Climate Change Agreement.

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Incorporating Ecohydrological Processes Into an Analysis of Charcoal-Livestock Production Systems in the Tropics: An Alternative Interpretation of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus

Cited by 8 publications

References 105 publications

A Review of the Water–Energy–Food Nexus Research in Africa

A Review of the Water–Energy–Food Nexus Research in Africa

Agriculture is the main driver of deforestation in Tanzania

The Societal and Economic Impact of Reforestation Strategies and Policies in Southeast Asia—A Review

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