Incompatibility problems in species crosses of tulips

Kho, Younglim; Baer, Julia

doi:10.1007/bf00146770

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The classic Darwin hybrid tulip 'Apeldoorn' was obtained after an interspecific cross between T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana, a member of subsection Eiehteres. Kho and Ba~r (1971) confirmed the relationship between the two subsections by the interspecific crossing of T. gesneriana cultivars with some representatives of subsection Eichleres. The combinations between T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana were especially successful, while abnormal pollen tube growth resulting in the absence of fertilization was found when T. gesneriana pollen grains were deposited on pistils of T. greigii (another member of the Eichleres) (Kho and Ba~r 1971).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Flowers of the female parent were emasculated before anthesis and then pollinated when the stigma was receptive, about 3 days after emasculation. Pollinations were carried out at 15 ~ 17 ~ C, which has been shown to be optimal for interspecific crosses (Kho and Ba~r 1971). Seed pods were harvested in June and seed yield was then determined.…”

Section: Crossing Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interspecific crosses between Tulipa gesneriana cultivars and wild Tulipa species: a survey

Eijk

Raamsdonk

Eikelboom

et al. 1991

Sexual Plant Reprod

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Interspecific crosses were made between 76 Tulipa gesneriana cultivars and 28 botanical Tulipa species. Tulipa gesneriana proved fully congruent (all cross-combinations giving hybrid progeny) with members of the subsection Gesnerianae, was moderately affiliated (50% of all cross-combinations giving hybrid progeny) with representatives of the subsection Eichleres, and was found to be incongruent with most other Tulipa species (except T. stapfii of the subsection Oculussolis).Relationships between T. gesneriana and some representatives of the subsection Eichleres were addressed in more detail. Seeds were harvested in all cross-combinations, but the number of seeds depended on the T. gesneriana cultivar used as the female partner. Apparently, the maternal genotype did affect pre-or post-fertilization processes.T. gesneriana was not crossable with T. kaufmanniana of the subsection Spiranthera. In this specific case, however, a bridge cross was used to overcome incongruity. For this, T. kaufmanniana was first combined with T. greigii, and the hybrid was subsequently crossed with T. gesneriana.These results demonstrate possibilities for interspecific cross-combinations in tulips and have offered opportunities for the introduction of desired new traits in the cultivated tulip.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Crossing Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific crosses between Tulipa gesneriana cultivars and wild Tulipa species: a survey

Eijk

Raamsdonk

Eikelboom

et al. 1991

Sexual Plant Reprod

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“…Other cultivars derived from intraspecies crosses of T. fosteriana, T. greigii, and T. kaufmanniana also have been distributed to markets. In addition to such intraspecies crosses, T. fosteriana has been crossed with T. gesneriana and the resulting product is the Darwin hybrid tulips, which reveal large flower and good bulb yield (Kho and Baer 1971;Van Tuyl and Van Creiji 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning of Tulipa fosteriana rDNA and subsequent FISH analysis yields cytogenetic organization of 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA in T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana

2006

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In this study, Tulipa fosteriana was found to contain 45S rDNA repeat units of 9.7 and 9.5 kb, in which at least 7 types of 45S rDNAs were identified by restriction site analysis. For 5S rDNA, repeat units ranging from 364 bp to 396 bp were identified. The diploid cultivars (2n = 2x = 24) 'Christmas Dream' and 'Queen of Night,' representing the horticultural group T. gesneriana, and 'Red Emperor', belonging to T. fosteriana, were compared cytogenetically using cloned 5S and 45S rDNAs. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis identified many rDNA sites located on each chromosome in the diploid genomes. For example, we identified 71 sites of 5S rDNA and 10 sites of 45S rDNA in 'Red Emperor'. Additionally, FISH analyses enabled construction of karyotypes for these cultivars. Karyotype comparison of T. gesneriana cultivars showed conservation of repetitive rDNA unit positioning. A clear difference in chromosome size and signal pattern was observed between T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana cultivars.Here we demonstrate the unique nature of the highly repeated 5S rDNA units in these Tulipa species and the usefulness of FISH karyotyping with cloned 5S and 45S rDNAs to clearly distinguish between chromosomes from T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana.

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“…Pollen of a number of individual plants was pooled. Glasshouse temperature was set at 15°C, which has been shown to be optimal for interspecific crosses (Kho & Baer, 1971), but on sunny days in April and May temperature reached 18-20°C .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It could alleviate some of the problems associated with the transfer of genetic traits encoding resistances to several major diseases and pests from incongruent species . Certain prefertilization barriers have been overcome by temperature treatment (Kho & Baer, 1971) . Here, we described embryo-rescue techniques for tulip that enable viable plant formation from abortive embryos .…”

Section: Verification Of the Hybridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryo-rescue in the genus Tulipa L.; successful direct transfer of T. kaufmanniana Regel germplasm into T. gesneriana L.

Custers¹,

Eikelboom²,

Bergervoet³

et al. 1995

Euphytica

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Embryo-rescue was studied as a means to overcome post-fertilization barriers in interspecific crosses in the genus Tulipa . With compatible T gesneriana L. cultivar crosses, ovule culture was found to be superior to isolated embryo culture. Complete plantlet formation was possible from an embryo size of about 0 .5 mm onwards .In the interspecific cross T gesneriana x T kaufmanniana, which is hampered by embryo breakdown, successful rescue of abortive embryos was demonstrated . Optimal embryo-rescue was achieved in cultures started seven to nine weeks after pollination . With cultures initiated at a later time, the rate of success decreased . A low number of germinative seeds were obtained after normal ripening of the seed pods, but by using ovule culture the efficiency of seedling formation could be increased dramatically .The ovule culture procedure will allow novel crosses and will offer new possibilities for the introduction of desirable genes into tulip cultivars .

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Incompatibility problems in species crosses of tulips

Cited by 30 publications

References 1 publication

Interspecific crosses between Tulipa gesneriana cultivars and wild Tulipa species: a survey

Interspecific crosses between Tulipa gesneriana cultivars and wild Tulipa species: a survey

Molecular cloning of Tulipa fosteriana rDNA and subsequent FISH analysis yields cytogenetic organization of 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA in T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana

Embryo-rescue in the genus Tulipa L.; successful direct transfer of T. kaufmanniana Regel germplasm into T. gesneriana L.

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