Molecular cloning of Tulipa fosteriana rDNA and subsequent FISH analysis yields cytogenetic organization of 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA in T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana

Mizuochi, Hitoshi; Marasek, Agnieszka; Okazaki, Keiichi

doi:10.1007/s10681-006-9325-y

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Although chromosome morphology is similar, cytological differentiation is evident from Giemsa C-banding of somatic metaphase chromosomes of the two species (Blakey and Vosa 1982) as well as differential staining of the two genomes through FISH with 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA probes (Mizuochi et al 2007;Marasek and Okazaki 2008) and GISH (Marasek et al 2006;Marasek and Okazaki 2007;Marasek-Ciolakowska et al 2009, 2011. A notable feature is that the banding pattern is also evident in GISH preparations (see Figs.…”

Section: Chromosome Differentiation In Tulipsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) has greatly advanced chromosome analysis in the tulip providing markers for chromosome identification. In situ hybridisation with 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA probes provided molecular cytogenetic markers for chromosome identification both in cultivars (Mizuochi et al 2007) and in hybrids (Marasek and Okazaki 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of intergenomic recombination through GISH analysis of F1, BC1 and BC2 progenies of Tulipa gesneriana and T. fosteriana

Marasek-Ciołakowska

Bijman

et al. 2012

Plant Syst Evol

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Using 23 F1 hybrids, 14 BC1 and 32 BC2 progenies, the genome composition of Darwin hybrid tulips was analysed through genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH) of somatic chromosomes. All plants were diploids (2n = 2x = 24) with the exception of one tetraploid BC1 (2n = 4x = 48) and one aneuploid BC2 (2n = 2x ? 1 = 25) hybrid. Morphometric analysis in F1 hybrids revealed a difference in the total length of chromosomes representing genomes of T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana, where the percentage of each genome equaled 55.18 ± 0.8 and 44.92 ± 0.6% respectively. GISH distinguished chromosomes from both parent genomes although there was a lack of consistent chromosome labelling in some cases. In both T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana chromosomes some segments of heterochromatin in the telomeric and intercalary regions exhibited a higher intensity of fluorescence. In situ hybridisation with 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA probes to metaphase chromosomes of F1 hybrids showed that these regions are rich in rDNA. A notable feature was that, despite genome differences, there was a considerable amount of intergenomic recombination between the parental chromosomes of the two species as estimated in both BC1 and BC2 offspring. The number of recombinant chromosomes ranged from 3 to 8 in BC1 and from 1 to 7 in BC2 progenies. All recombinant chromosomes possessed mostly a single recombinant segment derived from either a single crossover event or in a few cases double crossover events. This explains the fact that, unlike the situation in most F1 hybrids of other plant species, certain genotypes of Darwin hybrid tulips behave like normal diploid plants producing haploid gametes and give rise to mostly diploid sporophytes.

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Section: Chromosome Differentiation In Tulipsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of intergenomic recombination through GISH analysis of F1, BC1 and BC2 progenies of Tulipa gesneriana and T. fosteriana

Marasek-Ciołakowska

Bijman

et al. 2012

Plant Syst Evol

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Section: Number Of 5s Rdna Sites Per Karyotypementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The species removed from this sample were: Tulipa fosteriana with 71 sites, T. gesneriana with 45 and 56 sites [Mizuochi et al, 2007], Alstroemeria hookeri with 29 and 33 sites [Baeza et al, 2007], Iris juncea with 30 sites, and I. boissieri with 36 sites [Martínez et al, 2010]. In T. fosteriana , some of the numerous hybridizing signals corresponded to non-functional sites holding truncated copies of 5S rRNA genes [Mizuochi et al, 2007]. Amplified fragments of the 5S rDNA sequence, building blocks of satellite DNA apart from the sites of 5S rRNA genes, have also been reported for other species [Volkov et al, 2001;Martins et al, 2006;Vittorazzi et al, 2011] and could be the origin of such uncommon numbers of 5S rDNA signals.…”

Section: Number Of 5s Rdna Sites Per Karyotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Random Distribution of 5S rDNA Sites and Its Association with 45S rDNA in Plant Chromosomes

Roa¹,

Guerra²

2015

Cytogenet Genome Res

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5S and 45S rDNA sites are the best mapped chromosome regions in eukaryotic chromosomes. In this work, a database was built gathering information about the position and number of 5S rDNA sites in 784 plant species, aiming to identify patterns of distribution along the chromosomes and its correlation with the position of 45S rDNA sites. Data revealed that in most karyotypes (54.5%, including polyploids) two 5S rDNA sites (a single pair) are present, with 58.7% of all sites occurring in the short arm, mainly in the proximal region. In karyotypes of angiosperms with only 1 pair of sites (single sites) they are mostly found in the proximal region (52.0%), whereas in karyotypes with multiple sites the location varies according to the average chromosome size. Karyotypes with multiple sites and small chromosomes (<3 µm) often display proximal sites, while medium-sized (between 3 and 6 µm) and large chromosomes (>6 µm) more commonly show terminal or interstitial sites. In species with holokinetic chromosomes, the modal value of sites per karyotype was also 2, but they were found mainly in a terminal position. Adjacent 5S and 45S rDNA sites were often found in the short arm, reflecting the preferential distribution of both sites in this arm. The high frequency of genera with at least 1 species with adjacent 5S and 45S sites reveals that this association appeared several times during angiosperm evolution, but it has been maintained only rarely as the dominant array in plant genera.

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“…The juxtaposition of 45S and 5S fluorescent-based signals in dividing cells or interphase nuclei, as observed by FISH, has traditionally been used as putative evidence for the linkage of 45S and 5S rRNA genes in plants. In seed plants, FISH colocalization of both multigene families has been observed not only in the Asteraceae (García et al, 2010), but also in other unrelated angiosperm lineages such as Tulipa (Mizuochi et al, 2007), Rhoeo (Golczyk et al, 2005), Linum (Muravenko et al, 2004), Silene (Široký et al, 2001), Brassica (Snowdon et al, 2000;Hasterok et al, 2001), as well as in a couple of gymnosperm genera: Ginkgo (Nakao et al, 2005) and Podocarpus (Murray et al, 2002). However, given the shortcomings of the axialresolution detection limits of classical FISH (between 2000 and 10 000 kb; Figueroa and Bass, 2010), such molecular cytogenetic methods could generate crude estimates or visual artifacts concerning the organization of the 45S and 5S rDNA families in plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early evolutionary colocalization of the nuclear ribosomal 5S and 45S gene families in seed plants: evidence from the living fossil gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba

2012

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In seed plants, the colocalization of the 5S loci within the intergenic spacer (IGS) of the nuclear 45S tandem units is restricted to the phylogenetically derived Asteraceae family. However, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) colocalization of both multigene families has also been observed in other unrelated seed plant lineages. Previous work has identified colocalization of 45S and 5S loci in Ginkgo biloba using FISH, but these observations have not been confirmed recently by sequencing a 1.8 kb IGS. In this work, we report the presence of the 45S-5S linkage in G. biloba, suggesting that in seed plants the molecular events leading to the restructuring of the ribosomal loci are much older than estimated previously. We obtained a 6.0 kb IGS fragment showing structural features of functional sequences, and a single copy of the 5S gene was inserted in the same direction of transcription as the ribosomal RNA genes. We also obtained a 1.8 kb IGS that was a truncate variant of the 6.0 kb IGS lacking the 5S gene. Several lines of evidence strongly suggest that the 1.8 kb variants are pseudogenes that are present exclusively on the satellite chromosomes bearing the 45S-5S genes. The presence of ribosomal IGS pseudogenes best reconciles contradictory results concerning the presence or absence of the 45S-5S linkage in Ginkgo. Our finding that both ribosomal gene families have been unified to a single 45S-5S unit in Ginkgo indicates that an accurate reassessment of the organization of rDNA genes in basal seed plants is necessary.

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Molecular cloning of Tulipa fosteriana rDNA and subsequent FISH analysis yields cytogenetic organization of 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA in T. gesneriana and T. fosteriana

Cited by 31 publications

References 50 publications

Assessment of intergenomic recombination through GISH analysis of F1, BC1 and BC2 progenies of Tulipa gesneriana and T. fosteriana

Assessment of intergenomic recombination through GISH analysis of F1, BC1 and BC2 progenies of Tulipa gesneriana and T. fosteriana

Non-Random Distribution of 5S rDNA Sites and Its Association with 45S rDNA in Plant Chromosomes

Early evolutionary colocalization of the nuclear ribosomal 5S and 45S gene families in seed plants: evidence from the living fossil gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba

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