“…If our data were consistent with Frank's model, then food at home, fuel and utilities, health insurance, gasoline and maintenance, local public transportation, and education would all be considered as positional goods or services, while household operations, apparel, vacation lodging, cash contributions, and personal insurance/pensions would all be considered as nonpositional goods. Some of these classifications seem to make sense, such as education being classified as a positional good and personal insurance/pensions as a nonpositional good, both of which are supported by Frank (1985) and Kosicki (1987bKosicki ( , 1990. However, many other classifications seem to be counterintuitive.…”