Income, Food Consumption and Estimation of Energy and Protein Intake of Households: A Study Based on the 1975 and 1980 Indonesian Social Accounting Matrices¹

Market Dependency and Household Food Consumption in East Java, Indonesia

“…In order to design and to impleme,nt food policies that aim to redu;e the dependency on certain categories of food, th-ere is a need for informationonhowGonsumersacquiretheirfood.Burk (,1980)statedthatitis quite possinte that more than half of the food consumed in some developing countiies does not enter commercial channels. Nyberg (1980) stated that imports of food products are typically for urban q?nsyTterst..Sgme researchers Oo'Outi"u" that a first step toward understanding the interaction of various food in "onrrt"r.'diets is the estimation of own and cross price elasticity's for each item of food; and then the estimation of its' income elasticity's However' price uf"*i"ity'" apply only to food that goes through market channels The first step neeOeOio uniet tanO consumers'food consumption is to get the information on their food acquisition, because not all food those consumers' consume is pioulo.O tnto,jgh purchase in the market Therefore, to understand and to design policiesihai can influence food consumption, information on consumers foodacquisition (both in urban and rural areas) is needed' A major share of disposable income in Indonesia is spent on food Sutomo (1989) fou;d that in Indonesia about 59 percent of household income in 1975 )no S'a p"r""nt in 1980 was spent on food consumption chernichovsky and frrf"""of'tfSa+lintheirstudyofthePatternofFoodConsumptionandNutrition in Indonesia, found that on average 68 percent of household's total expenditures *"t ip"nt on food. For the total population, ric,e.accounts for one'third of total iooO expenOitures, other staples for 7 percent; fish, meat and.…”

Food Consumption Patterns and Nutrition in Urban Java Households: The Discriminatory Power of some Socioeconomic Variables

“…Expenditure and prices were the explanatory variables, and consumption data was obtained from national food balance sheets. Social accounting matrices for 1975 and 1980 were used by Sutomo (1989) to examine links between household income and food consumption. This study included consumption of food away from home and concluded that average energy and protein intake levels were above the minimum requirements in both years.…”