“…The effectiveness of inclusion is influenced by teachers' attitudes (Engelbrecht et al., 2013; Hernandez et al., 2016), which, in turn, influence whether inclusion is positively experienced (Buell et al., 1999). More positive teacher attitudes towards inclusiveness tend to raise productivity, influence special education students' behaviour, performance and academic achievement (Benkohila et al., 2020), and affect practice and policy decisions (Alzyoudi et al., 2022). Their support is therefore critical to the success of inclusion (Alzyoudi et al., 2022; Fakolade & Adeniyi, 2009; Mouchritsa et al., 2022; Politou, 2022).…”