Inclusive design drivers and barriers – a manufacturing perspective from Pakistan

Abstract

The demographics of older people and people with disabilities in developing countries are discussed in the context of inclusive design and the drivers and barriers to inclusive design have been identified. Data were collected from 50 individuals from various industrial sectors in Pakistan. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) relates to inclusive aspects of products, but most respondents either did not know about CSR or did not have a CSR post in their organizations, but 64% had awareness of inclusive design terminology. The study concluded that motivation through social responsibility; innovation and differentiation; demographics and consumer trends; brand enhancement; customer satisfaction; new market opportunity; and legislation were the perceived drivers for manufacturers in Pakistan. Most respondents felt that lack of resources and guidance, lack of awareness about inclusive design, difficulty in changing the business culture, lack of government regulations, and the perception that inclusive design is expensive were the most significant barriers.

Factors influencing the design and implementation of accessible e‐Government services in South Africa

“…The lack of focus on accessibility is partly due to the financial bottom‐line that organizations pursue (Shinohara et al, 2018), and as this study shows, the lack of accessibility awareness, understanding and focus by stakeholders involved in the design and implementation of accessible e‐Government services. Stakeholder awareness of inclusive design has consistently been reported as a barrier towards the provision of inclusive solutions (Hussain et al, 2015). In this way, governments understanding of accessibility and the lack of awareness of accessibility from stakeholders negatively influences the design and implementation of accessible software solutions.…”

Compromiso corporativo e inclusión social de adultos vulnerables

“…Desde el punto de vista gubernamental, un mayor liderazgo en materia de accesibilidad digital puede inspirar un cambio transformador hacia ciudades inclusivas regidas por una lógica urbana digital sin barreras (Kolotouchkina et al, 2022). Sin embargo, no siempre las administraciones y las empresas favorecen entornos digitales accesibles y las personas con discapacidad encuentran importantes obstáculos en el contexto online (Hussain et al, 2015;Llorente-Barroso et al, 2022;Oh & Chen, 2015). En este sentido, algunas investigaciones han puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de concienciar a las empresas para mejorar la accesibilidad de sus diseños online dentro de sus compromisos de RSC (Hussain et al, 2015;Oh & Chen, 2015).…”

“…Sin embargo, no siempre las administraciones y las empresas favorecen entornos digitales accesibles y las personas con discapacidad encuentran importantes obstáculos en el contexto online (Hussain et al, 2015;Llorente-Barroso et al, 2022;Oh & Chen, 2015). En este sentido, algunas investigaciones han puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de concienciar a las empresas para mejorar la accesibilidad de sus diseños online dentro de sus compromisos de RSC (Hussain et al, 2015;Oh & Chen, 2015).…”

“…De ahí, la prioridad que los sistemas de gobernanza deben dar a la accesibilidad de los servicios urbanos online para garantizar la participación digital de las personas con discapacidad (Kolotouchkina et al, 2022) y potenciar su sentido de pertenencia a la comunidad ( Lord et al, 2014). En este compromiso comunitario por reducir las brechas digitales y favorecer la inclusión de las personas con discapacidad, las empresas deben hacer un esfuerzo por optimizar la accesibilidad de sus entornos online como parte de sus estrategias de RSC (Hussain et al, 2015;Oh & Chen, 2015).…”

An integrated tool to support sustainable toy design and manufacture

“…Although the need for social considerations in sustainable assessment is slowly growing, it is widely acknowledged that the three pillars of sustainability have received differing degrees of attention in sustainable product design tools (Colantonio, 2007;Drakakis-Smith, 1995;Hussain, Ahmad, & Case, 2015;Marghescu, 2005). One of the reasons for this is that economic and environmental aspects can be quantified more accurately and with a higher degree of objectivity.…”