Inclusion of camelina meal as a protein source in diets for farmed salmonids

Hixson, Stefanie M.; Parrish, Christopher C.; Wells, J. K.; Winkowski, E.M.; Anderson, D. M.; Bullerwell, C.N.

doi:10.1111/anu.12276

Cited by 28 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…There were also differences in the remaining ash contents between species; at 60 g/kg HORM, salmon had more remaining ash than the control, but rainbow trout showed less. Previous studies have shown differences between rainbow trout and salmon in their tolerance to SECM (Hixson et al, ), and there is evidence to support that digestibility and nutrient utilization is different among these salmonid families (Burr, Wolters, Barrows, & Donkin, ; Krogdahl, Sundby, & Olli, ; Refstie et al, ). However, 40 g/kg HORM proved to be an acceptable level for both species in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In previous studies that evaluated either camelina HORM or camelina SECM, high levels of inclusion (between 80 and 300 g/kg dietary inclusion) impacted growth performance of salmon and rainbow trout, including final weight, weight gain, SGR, AFI, FCR, CF and VSI. Increased SECM inclusion was associated with a decrease in feed consumption and weight gain in salmon, and decreased weight gain and increased feed conversion ratio in trout, indicating a lower utilization of nutrients in both species (Bullerwell et al, ; Hixson et al, ). These growth effects were likely due to the ANFs present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐oil residue camelina meal, a viable source of protein at low levels in diets for juvenile salmonids

et al. 2019

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The oilseed Camelina sativa has been studied as a lipid source for farmed salmonids, but recommended inclusion as a protein source has not been determined. This study evaluated low inclusion of camelina high‐oil residue meal (HORM) at 20, 40 and 60 g/kg of the diet, to determine an adequate level for Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Salmon and trout were fed experimental diets containing up to 60 g/kg HORM for 16 weeks. At 40 g/kg HORM, trout and salmon growth performance were similar to those fed a control diet. However, at 60 g/kg HORM, trout showed lower final weight, weight gain and feed intake than those fed the control diet. Rainbow trout fed 40 and 60 g/kg HORM showed significantly lower whole body ash (p = .005), slightly lower whole body protein levels and higher fat than the control. In salmon fed 60 g/kg HORM diets, whole body ash (p = .024), and the submucosal layer of the intestine was thicker than the control (p = .007). Current results indicate that up to 40 g/kg HORM can be included in diets for rainbow trout and salmon juveniles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐oil residue camelina meal, a viable source of protein at low levels in diets for juvenile salmonids

et al. 2019

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“…Hixson et al. () included pressed and solvent‐extracted camelina meal (38.1 μmol of glucosinolate/g) at 7, 14, and 21% of Rainbow Trout diets and 8, 16, and 24% of diets of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar . Growth was reduced by inclusion of camelina meal at 21% of Rainbow Trout diets from poor feed conversion and protein efficiency, yet the diet had a similar amount of fish meal as the control diet and diets used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Utilization of Modified Carinata Brassica carinata Meals in Sunshine Bass Diets

Kasiga

Brown

2019

N American J Aquac

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Low amounts (approximately ≤ 10%) of raw carinata Brassica carinata meals are used in animal diets due to the negative effects of antinutrients, mainly glucosinolates. We processed carinata meal by aerobic conversion followed with a single wash (ACCM). Another portion of carinata meal was double‐washed without aerobic conversion (WCM). The objective of this study was to determine if sunshine bass (female White Bass Morone chrysops × male Striped Bass M. saxatilis) fed diets containing low (20%) animal meals could tolerate up to 30% of ACCM or 30% of WCM. Twenty randomly selected sunshine bass (19.2 ± 0.08 g) were stocked in each tank (106 L) of a 32‐tank recirculating aquaculture system, with temperature maintained at 25.6 ± 0.7°C using an inline heater. Seven and six replicates were used for the reference and test diets (10% or 30% ACCM or 30% WCM), respectively, and the fish were cultured for 106 d. Growth improved with increasing levels of processed carinata meals in diets. Survival (>99%) was similar among dietary treatments. Consumption of 30% ACCM and 30% WCM diets was higher than for the reference diet. Feed conversion ratio improved in the WCM dietary treatment and was associated with a better protein efficiency ratio and apparent net protein utilization. Protein deposition was highest in sunshine bass fed 30% of processed carinata meals. Whole‐body protein also increased with increasing processed carinata meals in diets. Sunshine bass fed 30% WCM had lower liver weights and were in better condition than sunshine bass fed other diets. Hematocrit was high in sunshine bass fed ACCM diets. Although carinata meal is high in iron, the single wash in ACCM processing likely removed less iron than the two washes in WCM processing. Hemoglobin contents of sunshine bass were also increased by ACCM but not by WCM. Our results demonstrate that high levels of even moderately processed carinata meal (WCM) can be tolerated in fish diets without affecting fish performance.

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“…In comparison, rainbow trout could tolerate dietary CM similar to cod (up to 14% CM), but better than Atlantic salmon, which were impacted by the 8% dietary CM (Hixson et al . ). In broiler and layer chickens, CM could be incorporated at 10% of the diet without affecting bird performance, meat and egg quality (Cherian ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…While it is difficult to determine the exact tolerable level of dietary CM by cod based on the results of these experiments, it was clear that growth performance was negatively affected when CM was included in the diet at 30% and greater. In comparison, rainbow trout could tolerate dietary CM similar to cod (up to 14% CM), but better than Atlantic salmon, which were impacted by the 8% dietary CM (Hixson et al 2015). In broiler and layer chickens, CM could be incorporated at 10% of the diet without affecting bird performance, meat and egg quality (Cherian 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of camelina meal as a protein source in diets for farmed Atlantic codGadus morhua

et al. 2015

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Camelina meal Camelina sativa (CM) is a potential protein source in aquaculture feeds, because of its crude protein level (39%) and essential amino acids. Two feeding experiments were conducted with Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. Cod in Experiment I (19.4 g fish À1 ) were fed diets with 0%, 12% or 24% CM for 9.5 weeks at 10°C; and cod in Experiment II (14.4 g fish À1 ) were fed diets with 0%, 15%, 30% or 40% CM for 13 weeks at 10°C. Growth, lipid and amino acid tissue composition were compared amongst cod fed varying levels of CM. In Experiment I, cod could tolerate the highest level of CM inclusion (24%) without affecting growth compared to cod fed the control diet. In Experiment II, growth performance was significantly affected at 30% CM inclusion compared to the control treatment, and cod fed 15% CM displayed some signs of depressed growth (reduced feed intake and weight gain). Both treatment and duration were interacting factors (P = 0.015) that determined growth performance when comparing both experiments. Muscle tissue composition was relatively unaltered with less than 30% CM inclusion; however, multivariate statistics revealed significant differences in muscle tissue fatty acid composition between cod fed 40% CM and the control diet. The tissue amino acid profile was generally unaltered because the dietary amino acid profile was consistent after CM inclusion. A few antinutritive compounds in CM may have affected palatability in diets with greater than 30% CM inclusion, which may have resulted in reduced growth performance.

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Inclusion of camelina meal as a protein source in diets for farmed salmonids

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

High‐oil residue camelina meal, a viable source of protein at low levels in diets for juvenile salmonids

High‐oil residue camelina meal, a viable source of protein at low levels in diets for juvenile salmonids

Nutritional Utilization of Modified Carinata Brassica carinata Meals in Sunshine Bass Diets

Inclusion of camelina meal as a protein source in diets for farmed Atlantic codGadus morhua

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