Incidência De Hanseníase Em Menores De 15 Anos Acompanhados No Município De Imperatriz, Maranhão, Entre 2004 E 2010

Abstract

(24,44%). Houve predomínio de casos no sexo masculino (51,06%), cor parda (55,65%), faixa etária de 10-14 anos (60,22%) e com escolaridade média de 6-11 anos (59,8%). A maioria das formas clínicas notificadas foi do tipo indeterminada (40,13 %), tendo como predominante o grau de incapacidade física II (21,1 %). Não foram estatisticamente significantes as diferenças proporcionais entre as formas clínicas (p-valor=0,056); ao passo que a escolaridade apresentou associação significativa (p<0,0001) com a ocorrência da doença entre menores de 15 anos de idade. Conclui-se que a hanseníase continua uma doença de fácil disseminação, considerando a frequência de casos novos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Hanseníase. Incidência. Menores de 15 anos. INCIDENCE OF LEPROSY IN PATIENTS AGED 15 OR YOUNGER CARED IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF IMPERATRIZ, MARANHÃO, BETWEEN 2004 AND 2010ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to estimate the global incidence and cases indexes of leprosy and to design the socio--demographic profile in children under 15 years of age in the municipality of Imperatriz, in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A longitudinal retrospective study of leprosy cases in the municipality was performed, using information generated by the disease reports in SINAN NET. There was a predominance of male (51.06%), brown color (55.65%), aged between 10-14 years (60.22%), and average schooling of 6-11 years (59.8%). Most of the clinical forms reported were of the indeterminate type (40.13%), with predominance of physical incapacity degree II (21.1%). The proportional differences between the clinical forms (p-value = 0.056) were not statistically significant, while schooling presented a significant association (p <0.0001) with the occurrence of the disease among children under 15 years of age. It can be concluded that leprosy remains a disease with easy spread when considering the rate of new cases.

Perfil epidemiológico e tendência da hanseníase em menores de 15 anos

“…However, these may be a source of parasite transmission, which requires more searches and contact investigation, since possible infections may follow and, if treatment is performed in the initial phase, other occurrences may be avoided (19) . A similar result has been found for the city of Salvador, in Bahia, and in Imperatriz, in the state of Maranhão (19,25) .…”

“…Concerning the variable race/color, it is should be noted that, due to colonization and miscegenation in Brazil, the brown color prevailed in the study (24) , a fact which is also present in other studies, such as an analysis conducted in Imperatriz, Maranhão state, and another one in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil (25)(26) .…”

Trends and forecasts of leprosy for a hyperendemic city from Brazil’s northeast: Evidence from an eleven-year time-series analysis

“…In the same year, the main social indicators are: an illiteracy rate of 9.7%, Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.73 and Gini Index of 0.46. In terms of basic sanitation, 23% of the city has a sewage system and 86% has a drinking water supply [18,19].…”

Spatial-temporal analysis of leprosy in a priority Brazilian northeast municipality for disease control

“…In this same period, the state of Maranhão revealed a rate of 48,23 new cases/100 thousand inhabitants (2) . Among the municipalities of Maranhão, Imperatriz presents itself as an important cluster of leprosy, with a high number of cases per year, in which cases are dispersed throughout the municipality in areas of greater population density (7) .…”

“…In Imperatriz, leprosy distribution occurs in areas with precarious sanitary conditions and easy spread of the notifiable diseases (7) . In this sense, there is a need to develop studies that bring new contributions about the fragilities found in that territory emerges, considering its spatial distribution and the variations presented in space-time, pointing out areas exposing the population to the highest risk of contracting the disease.…”