Incidence trends and age distribution of colorectal cancer by subsite in Guangzhou, 2000–2011

Abstract

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in China. The incidence of CRC has been increasing in recent years. The aim of this study was to explore the incidence trends and the age distribution of CRC by subsite in Guangzhou between 2000 and 2011.MethodsA total of 22,432 incident cases of CRC between 2000 and 2011 from Guangzhou Cancer Registry were identified. Crude incidence and age-standardized rates (ASRs), using the Segi’s world standard population, were calculated for CRC and CRC subsites. The incidence trend was analyzed and the annual percentage change (APC) in incidence was calculated by using JoinPoint software.ResultsThe crude incidence increased significantly from 23.4/105 in 2000 to 37.4/105 in 2011 for males and from 20.9/105 to 30.5/105 for females. The ASRs of CRC incidence stabilized during the period of 2000–2011 for both males and females. The ages at the onset of CRC for both males and females during 2010–2011 were significantly higher compared with those during 2000–2002 (males: t = 1.95, P = 0.05; females: t = 6.03, P < 0.01). For males aged 50–64 years, the CRC incidence increased by 8.50% annually (P = 0.04) during 2000–2004 and by 1.68% annually (P = 0.03) during 2005–2011. For females aged 65 years and older, the CRC incidence increased by 5.77% annually (P = 0.03) during 2000–2004. There were no significant changes for the CRC incidences in males aged 49 and younger and 65 years and older and females aged 64 years and younger during 2000–2004, or for those in all females as well as males aged 49 years and younger and 65 years and older during 2005–2011. The percentage of colon cancer in all CRCs increased significantly for both males and females between the periods of 2000–2002 and 2010–2011. The ASRs of descending colon and sigmoid colon cancer incidences increased significantly for females during 2005–2011 (APC, 5.51% and 1.08%, respectively, both P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe crude incidence of CRC increased significantly between 2000 and 2011 because of the aging, whereas the ASRs kept stable. The percentage of colon cancer in all CRCs increased significantly. Further surveillance, research, and intervention are needed to identify the causes of these changes and to reduce the incidence and mortality of CRC.

Colorectal cancer incidence and clinicopathological features in northern Tunisia 2007–2009

“…Our results are consistent with those observed in China and Africa, where the most affected site is the rectum and the least reached one is proximal colon [40,47,64]. This is not the case in developed countries as in the USA and Canada, where the most affected site is the proximal colon followed by the rectum [5,48,50,60,65].…”

Temporal Epidemiological Assessment of Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in East Kazakhstan, 2004-2013

“…This is in contrast with Australia, for example, where examined trends in national incidence rates for CRC demonstrated that rates in people under age 40 years have been rising for the last two decades (Young et al, 2015) Different mechanisms are thought to be operating in the development of colon and rectal cancer (Robsahm et al, 2013) Obesity is linked significantly to adipose tissue dysfunction and to alteration of adipokines in blood; in particular, obesity-induced inflammation is thought to be an important link between obesity and colon cancer (Janakiram andRao, 2014 Joshi andLee, 2014). However, the ratios of colon to rectum cancer did not appear to demonstrate any clear shift over time in the present study, in contrast to the situation in Japan which has seen a marked predominance of colon in more recent years (Long et al, 2010), In China also, the percentage of colon cancer in all CRCs increased significantly, especially in the descending colon and sigmoid colon (Zhou et al, 2015). A proximal shift of colon cancers has also been demonstrated in Turkey for females, but not for males (Seydaoğlu et al, 2013).…”

“…In China, age-specific rates of colorectal remained relatively stable in one study (Zhou et al, 2015) and in Japan, colorectum and lung (males), showed a pattern of increasing incidence and mortality rates until the mid-1990s, stabilizing or decreasing thereafter (Katanoda et al, 2013). Thus there are considerable differences across Asian countries.…”

Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway by nafamostat mesilate suppresses colorectal cancer growth and metastasis

“…Recent studies have identified the characteristic of earlier onset age in CRC patients [3]. Usually, surgical resection provides curative possibility for early stage patients, while for advanced CRC, oxaliplatin plus 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (FOLFOX) are recommended [4].…”