Incidence, Risk Factors, and Mortality Associated With Second Malignant Neoplasms Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer

Chao, Chun; Bhatia, Smita; Xu, Lanfang; Wong, F. Lennie; Huang, Poyin; Cooper, Robert; Armenian, Saro H.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.5536

Cited by 57 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this was the largest sample size study from a single medical center. Consistent with most previous studies ( 22 , 31 ), our findings provide evidence to support that worse OS is more common in pediatric patients with salivary MEC if the patient has a previous cancer history. The importance of long-term surveillance in cancer survivors must be emphasized.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Keegan et al ( 30 ) found that a previous cancer history was associated with a worse prognosis in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, sarcoma, or breast, thyroid, or testicular cancers. A similar finding was also reported by Chao et al ( 22 ); moreover, recently, Goldfarb et al ( 31 ) noted that a longer latency time (>5 years) suggested an overall increased risk of death. However, none of these studies enrolled patients with head and neck MEC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Absolute excess risk was noted in those diagnosed at an age younger than 10 years, but the authors concluded that the standardized incidence ratios were significantly elevated during the follow-up period. In another article by Chao et al ( 22 ), the authors reported that cancer survivors had a nearly 2.5-fold higher risk for developing an SMN than age- and sex-matched populations. The risk factors comprised female sex, white ethnicity, advanced stage at first cancer diagnosis, and the use of radiotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another article by Chao et al (22), the authors reported that cancer survivors had a nearly 2.5-fold higher risk for developing an SMN than age-and sex-matched populations. The risk factors comprised female sex, white ethnicity, advanced stage at first cancer diagnosis, and the use of radiotherapy.…”

Section: Figure 2 |mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison Between Primary and Secondary Pediatric Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Shi

2020

Front. Pediatr.

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Objectives: Secondary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the head and neck is occasionally observed in childhood cancer survivors. The goal of this research was to compare the demographic and pathologic characteristics, as well as survival between primary and secondary MEC in children and adolescent patients. Methods: Pediatric patients (younger than 19 years old) with surgically treated MEC of the head and neck were retrospectively enrolled at the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou University and divided into two groups based on their cancer history. Demographic, pathologic, and survival characteristics between the two groups were compared. The main study interests were recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results: The primary and secondary groups consisted of 63 and 15 patients, respectively. The two groups had similar distributions in terms of age, sex, tumor stage, neck lymph node stage, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, p53, Bcl-2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and Ki-67 index. The 10-year RFS rates for the primary group and secondary group were 80 and 71%, respectively, and this difference was not significant (p = 0.464). The 10-year DSS rates for the primary group and secondary group were 83 and 82%, respectively, and this difference was also not significant (p = 0.649). The 10-year OS rates for the primary group and secondary group were 74 and 51%, respectively; this difference was significant (p = 0.023). Further Cox model analysis confirmed the independence of a previous cancer history (p = 0.043) in decreasing OS. Conclusions: Pediatric patients with secondary MEC exhibit similar demographic, pathologic, and molecular characteristics as primary patients but worse OS. These findings indicate that special disease management approaches might be needed for secondary patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 2 |mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison Between Primary and Secondary Pediatric Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Shi

2020

Front. Pediatr.

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“…An increasing body of evidence indicates that tumors in AYAs are molecularly distinct from those in both younger and older age groups, possibly suggesting differences in etiology and effective treatment. [2][3][4] In addition, compared with older patients with cancer, AYAs have a higher risk of long-term and late effects, including infertility, sexual dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, and future cancers, [5][6][7][8] whereas compared with childhood cancer survivors, the risk of severe late effects is lower. 9 AYAs are also more likely than older patients with cancer to experience delays in diagnosis for some cancers because of higher uninsured rates, a lack of cost-effective early detection methods, and the rarity of cancer at this age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer statistics for adolescents and young adults, 2020

Miller

Fidler-Benaoudia²,

Keegan

et al. 2020

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

768

571

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Cancer statistics for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) (aged 15-39 years) are often presented in aggregate, masking important heterogeneity. The authors analyzed population-based cancer incidence and mortality for AYAs in the United States by age group (ages 15-19, 20-29, and 30-39 years), sex, and race/ ethnicity. In 2020, there will be approximately 89,500 new cancer cases and 9270 cancer deaths in AYAs. Overall cancer incidence increased in all AYA age groups during the most recent decade (2007-2016), largely driven by thyroid cancer, which rose by approximately 3% annually among those aged 20 to 39 years and 4% among those aged 15 to 19 years. Incidence also increased in most age groups for several cancers linked to obesity, including kidney (3% annually across all age groups), uterine corpus (3% in the group aged 20-39 years), and colorectum (0.9%-1.5% in the group aged 20-39 years). Rates declined dramatically for melanoma in the group aged 15 to 29 years (4%-6% annually) but remained stable among those aged 30 to 39 years. Overall cancer mortality declined during 2008 through 2017 by 1% annually across age and sex groups, except for women aged 30 to 39 years, among whom rates were stable because of a flattening of declines in female breast cancer. Rates increased for cancers of the colorectum and uterine corpus in the group aged 30 to 39 years, mirroring incidence trends. Five-year relative survival in AYAs is similar across age groups for all cancers combined (range, 83%-86%) but varies widely for some cancers, such as acute lymphocytic leukemia (74% in the group aged 15-19 years vs 51% in the group aged 30-39 years) and brain tumors (77% vs 66%), reflecting differences in histologic subtype distribution and treatment. Progress in reducing cancer morbidity and mortality among AYAs could be addressed through more equitable access to health care, increasing clinical trial enrollment, expanding research, and greater alertness among clinicians and patients for early symptoms and signs of cancer. Further progress could be accelerated with increased disaggregation by age in research on surveillance, etiology, basic biology, and survivorship. CA Cancer

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Using primary teeth and archived dried spots for exposomic studies in children: Exploring new paths in the environmental epidemiology of pediatric cancer

et al. 2021

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It is estimated that 300,000 children 0-14 years of age are diagnosed with cancer worldwide each year. While the absolute risk of cancer in children is low, it is the leading cause of death due to disease in children in high-income countries. In spite of this, the etiologies of pediatric cancer are largely unknown. Environmental exposures have long been thought to play an etiologic role. However, to date, there are few wellestablished environmental risk factors for pediatric malignancies, likely due to technical barriers in collecting biological samples prospectively in pediatric populations for direct measurements. In this review, we propose the use of novel or underutilized biospecimens (dried blood spots and teeth) and molecular approaches for exposure assessment (epigenetics, metabolomics, and somatic mutational profiles). Future epidemiologic studies of pediatric cancer should incorporate novel exposure assessment methodologies, data on molecular features of tumors, and a more complete assessment of gene-environment interactions.

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Incidence, Risk Factors, and Mortality Associated With Second Malignant Neoplasms Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer

Cited by 57 publications

References 34 publications

Comparison Between Primary and Secondary Pediatric Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Comparison Between Primary and Secondary Pediatric Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Cancer statistics for adolescents and young adults, 2020

Using primary teeth and archived dried spots for exposomic studies in children: Exploring new paths in the environmental epidemiology of pediatric cancer

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