Incidence of Tricuspid Regurgitation and Vena Caval Backward Flow in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Effect of the degree of tricuspid regurgitation on cardiac output measurements by thermodilution

“…The reason could be that there appears to be less accurate assessment of the pulmonary artery by TEE (up to 24-25%) than with PAC. Right ventricular failure is associated with significantly worse outcome in mechanically ventilated patients than in control subjects, and careful monitoring of those patients is necessary [14,15,16,17].…”

Role of Tricuspid Valve Repair for Moderate Tricuspid Regurgitation during Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery

“…27 It is our current surgical strategy to perform additional TV repair if there is a dilated TV annulus of ! 40 mm as measured by preoperative echocardiography.…”

Preload Dependency Dynamic Indices

“…This compression of the RA pushes residual blood cells back toward the IVC, especially during cardiac systole, while the tricuspid valve is closed to prevent antegrade flow [73]. This retrograde flow is a major cause of the inaccuracy of the measurement by thermodilution in mechanically ventilated patients [74]. Anyway, inferior vena cava examination by echocardiography provides new accurate and easily acquired indices on the fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients and in patients with acute circulatory failure.…”