Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 over four epidemic waves in a low-resource community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A prospective cohort study

Carvalho, Marília Sá; Bastos, Leonardo Soares; Fuller, Trevon; Cruz, Owaldo Gonçalves; Damasceno, Luana; Calvet, Guilherme Amaral; Resende, Paola Cristina; Smith, Chris; Whitworth, Jimmy; Siqueira, Marilda M.; Brasil, Patrícia

doi:10.1016/j.lana.2022.100283

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 41 Moreover, a prospective cohort study conducted in the same neighbourhood as our study estimated the incidence of COVID-19 during four waves (from May 2020 to Nov 2021) and found that the incidence was much higher than previously reported by similar studies in the US and that the incidence was the highest in the first wave (May through November 2020). 42 These results suggest that the burden of COVID-19 is highly unequal, impacting to a much higher degree vulnerable and marginalized populations. We hypothesize that the reasons for the disparities in COVID-19 burden stem from precarious living conditions (densely populated favelas and large household sizes), poverty (limited access to clean water and cleaning supplies), employment and income insecurity (people working in low-paid and informal jobs who are at risk of losing their income partially or completely), and the lack of economic support from the government, thus hindering the adoption of social distancing measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Another strength of our study was the use of two automated commercially available assays to detect anti-S and anti-N SARS-COV-2 IgG antibodies. Finally, it is worth mentioning that although we have not performed internal validation tests of the performance of the anti-S IgG assay used in our analysis, several studies 42 , 69 , 75 , 76 used this assay to estimate seroprevalence and a large study with over 17,000 well-characterized blood samples (Canadian blood donors study) has estimated Abbott anti-S IgG sensitivity to be 95·96% (95% CI, 93·27 to 97·63%) and the specificity as 99·35% (95% CI, 99·21 to 99·46%). 70 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence and predictors of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology in a highly vulnerable population of Rio de Janeiro: A population-based serosurvey

Coelho

Luz

Castanheira

et al. 2022

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology in a highly vulnerable population of Rio de Janeiro: A population-based serosurvey

Coelho

Luz

Castanheira

et al. 2022

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The epidemiological scenario in the community has evolved during the study. 6 In March 2020, social distancing policies including quarantine and school closure were implemented. From April 2020 to October 2021, emergency financial assistance was made available to low-income households.…”

Section: Cohort Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cohort-profile: Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a low-resource community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeTo better understand the household transmission of SARS-COV-2 in a low-resource community in Rio de Janeiro during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2022).ParticipantsThis is an open prospective cohort study of children ≤12 years old and their household contacts. During home visits over 24 months, we collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, behavioural data, clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2, vaccination status, SARS-CoV-2 (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) RT-PCR and anti-S antibody tests. Among adults, the majority of participants were women (62%).Findings to dateWe enrolled 845 families from May 2020 to May 2022. The median number of residents per household was four. The median household density, defined as the number of persons per room, was 0.95. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 occurrence was higher in households with a high number of persons per room. Children were not the principal source of SARS-CoV-2 infections in their households during the first wave of the pandemic.Future plansFuture studies will investigate cellular and humoral immune responses to locally circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, which is relevant for the design of vaccines, antivirals and monoclonal antibodies. We will also engage in outreach to encourage vaccination as a means of limiting the transmission of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and other emerging pathogens.

show abstract

“…In addition, important VOCs, such as the Gamma variant [ 2 ], emerged in Brazil. The application of mass vaccinations led to a diminution in the Delta epidemic wave compared to other countries but was ineffective towards the Omicron VOC [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Vaccination Model City in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Slavov

La-Roque²,

Costa³

et al. 2022

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

From a country with one of the highest SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and mortality rates, Brazil has implemented one of the most successful vaccination programs. Brazil’s first model city vaccination program was performed by the CoronaVac vaccine (Sinovac Biotech) in the town of Serrana, São Paulo State. To evaluate the vaccination effect on the SARS-CoV-2 molecular dynamics and clinical outcomes, we performed SARS-CoV-2 molecular surveillance on 4375 complete genomes obtained between June 2020 and April 2022 in this location. This study included the period between the initial SARS-CoV-2 introduction and during the vaccination process. We observed that the SARS-CoV-2 substitution dynamics in Serrana followed the viral molecular epidemiology in Brazil, including the initial identification of the ancestral lineages (B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33) and epidemic waves of variants of concern (VOC) including the Gamma, Delta, and, more recently, Omicron. Most probably, as a result of the immunization campaign, the mortality during the Gamma and Delta VOC was significantly reduced compared to the rest of Brazil, which was also related to lower morbidity. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed the evolutionary history of the SARS-CoV-2 in this location and showed that multiple introduction events have occurred over time. The evaluation of the COVID-19 clinical outcome revealed that most cases were mild (88.9%, 98.1%, 99.1% to Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, respectively) regardless of the infecting VOC. In conclusion, we observed that vaccination was responsible for reducing the death toll rate and related COVID-19 morbidity, especially during the gamma and Delta VOC; however, it does not prevent the rapid substitution rate and morbidity of the Omicron VOC.

show abstract

Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 over four epidemic waves in a low-resource community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A prospective cohort study

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Prevalence and predictors of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology in a highly vulnerable population of Rio de Janeiro: A population-based serosurvey

Prevalence and predictors of anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology in a highly vulnerable population of Rio de Janeiro: A population-based serosurvey

Cohort-profile: Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a low-resource community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Vaccination Model City in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About