Incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Nepal

Yadav

J. Kathmandu Med. Coll.

et al. 2017

Self Cite

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity is a vascular retinal disease that can cause blindness in premature new born babies. Several risk factors are associated with the incidence of ROP. Information and data on risk factors associated with ROP in context to Nepalese population is scarcely documented in literature. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in premature infants admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Methods: Neonates with gestational age of 36 weeks or less and birth weight of 2000 gram or less admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), during 2013 to 2015 were screened for retinopathy of prematurity. Risk factors and severity of retinopathy of prematurity were evaluated. The initial examination was carried out at 4-6 weeks after birth by indirect ophthalmoscope and retinopathy of prematurity positive and negative infants were compared subsequently. The Chisquare and independent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically signifi cant. Results: The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was 22.6% and severe retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment was observed in 3.2% of 93 neonates who had eye examinations. There was a signifi cant relationship between the occurrence of ROP and birth weight (p=0.000), gestational age (p=0.000), duration of oxygen therapy (p=0.009) and sepsis (p=0.002). However, insignifi cant relationship was observed between the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity and gender, type of delivery, multiple gestation, premature rupture of foetal membrane, respiratory distress syndrome and hyperbilirubinaemia. Conclusion: The risk factors contributing to development of retinopathy of prematurity showed signifi cant relationship with immaturity, duration of oxygen supplementation and septicaemia.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Risk factors associated with retinopathy of prematurity among neonates in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal

Yadav

J. Kathmandu Med. Coll.

et al. 2017

Self Cite

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol

“…Additionally, low gestational age is associated with the presence of ROP, especially gestational age below 28 weeks. Previous studies have documented an association between low-weight infants and ROP 30–32. Our study concurs, as documented by the statistically significantly lower birth weight of infants with ROP ( P =0.001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and risk factors in the South-Western Region of Iran

Feghhi

Altayeb

Haghi

et al. 2012

Aims:The aim of this study was to report the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the contribution of various risk factors to ROP in the south-western region of Iran.Material and Methods:This cross-sectional case-control series reviewed all low birth weight (LBW, ≤2000 g) neonates and/or neonates less than 32 weeks gestational age who had been hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from 2006 to 2010. The cohort was divided into infants without ROP (nonROP group) and infants with ROP (ROP group). Infants were first examined by a group of pediatric ophthalmologists 6 weeks after delivery, and then were followed every 1-2 weeks until death, discharge or complete retinal avascularization. If an infant developed ROP, further examinations were performed based on the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study protocol. Demographic data, medical treatment, and ophthalmic disorders were all statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 576 infants met the criteria for evaluation. Of 576 total patients, 183 infants (32%) (88 males, 95 females) had ROP. There were significant differences between groups in gestational age, body weight, and duration of oxygen administration, and sepsis (P<0.05). Male/female ratio, single and multiple births, and jaundice, phototherapy, and blood transfusion were not significant. The majority of ROP was stage I or II (137, 74.8%). Stage III or greater developed in 46 infants (25.1%) [Note: The ocular history and ocular outcomes are not risk factors.]Conclusions:The incidence of ROP in this study is higher than that in other parts of the world. Awareness and knowledge of ROP and its relative risks need to be reinforced in ophthalmologists and other health practitioners.

J. Bangladesh Coll. Phys.

“…ROP is an emerging child health problem in our country.It has a well-known variation in the incidence as well as in associated risk factors among centers and among countries, related to differences in case selection, sampling variability, and aspects of both obstetric and neonatal clinical practice. [8][9][10] This study has evaluated the rate occurrence of ROP among hospitalized preterm very low birth weight neonates and the relationship of various risk factors with the occurrence of ROP. In our set up we do not have a well developed system for eye examination in preterm neonates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinopathy of Prematurity - Neonatologists' Experience

Akter¹,

Hossain²,

Shirin³

et al. 2014

In Bangladesh advancement of neonatal care has increased the survival of preterm very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates and the incidence of Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is also increasing. The objective of this study was to identify the cases of ROP and their risk factors recorded during hospital stay. This was a prospective observational study at special care baby unit (SCABU) and Intensive care unit of Dhaka Shishu Hospital from July, 2006 to March, 2008 among premature (<34 weeks) and/or VLBW (<1500 gm) neonates. Neonates who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were followed up daily to record certain clinical factors, investigation findings and medications. Discharged neonates had repeated ophthalmological examinations as advised by the ophthalmologist. Main outcome measure was abnormal findings on ophthalmoscopic examinations. Infants were divided into Normal group that included newborns without ROP, and Abnormal group that included newborns with ROP. Comparative analysis of recorded clinical factors was done between the two groups. Initial enrollment comprised of 129 neonates but the study was completed by 58 due to death and drop out. Normal group had 35(60%) and Abnormal group had 23(40%) neonates. VLBW, oxygen in high flow rate, mean total hours of oxygen inhalation, mean percentage of inhaled oxygen (FiO2), mean percent saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen (SpO2), frequency of apnoeic attacks managed with of bag and mask ventilation , mechanical ventilation, culture proven septicaemia, cumulative volume of blood transfusion, and intra ventricular hemorrhage (IVH) > grade II were significantly related with ROP. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed VLBW [p=.004, Odds Ratio (OR), .33; Confidence Interval (CI), 0.14 to.436], apnoeic attacks managed with bag and mask ventilation (p=.023; OR,14.2; CI, 12.71 to 26.54), cumulative volume of blood transfusion (p=.013; OR,.43; CI, .028 to .653), and culture proven septicaemia (p=.005; OR,4.0 CI, 2.50 to 9.99) to be most significant factors. Awareness should be increased among neonatologists and ophthalmologists regarding screening and treatment of ROP. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v31i4.21001 J Banagladesh Coll Phys Surg 2013; 31: 181-188