Incidence of esophageal and gastric carcinomas among American Asians/Pacific Islanders, whites, and blacks

Abstract

BACKGROUND The authors examined subsite‐specific and histology‐specific esophageal and gastric carcinoma incidence patterns among the Asians/Pacific Islander (API) population in the United States and compared them with those among whites and blacks. METHODS Data on newly diagnosed esophageal and gastric carcinomas during 1996–2000 were obtained from 24 population‐based central cancer registries, representing approximately 80% of the API population in the United States. Age‐adjusted rates, using the 2000 United States standard population, and age‐specific rates were computed by anatomic subsite, histology, race, and gender. The difference in the age‐adjusted rates between APIs and other races were examined using the two‐tailed z statistic. RESULTS Greater than 75% of esophageal carcinomas among APIs, both males and females, were squamous cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma accounted for < 20% of all esophageal carcinomas. This pattern was similar to that among blacks but was completely opposite to that among whites. The rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was 81% higher among API males compared with white males, but it was 64% less compared with black males. The rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma were significantly lower among APIs than among both whites and blacks both males and females. The majority of gastric carcinomas among APIs were noncardia adenocarcinoma, whereas cardia adenocarcinoma accounted for only 11% of gastric carcinomas among API males and 6% of gastric carcinomas among API females. The age‐adjusted incidence rate of cardia adenocarcinoma was 23% lower among API males compared with white males, but it was 26% higher compared with black males. In contrast, the rates of noncardia adenocarcinoma among APIs were approximately 3.7 times the rate among whites for both males and females and 33% higher than the rate among blacks. CONCLUSIONS Subsite‐specific and histology‐specific incidence patterns of esophagogastric carcinoma among APIs differ from those among whites and blacks. The reasons for significantly higher rates of noncardia adenocarcinoma among APIs compared with whites and blacks need further investigation. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.

Incidence of Esophageal Carcinoma Among Malays in North-Eastern Peninsular Malaysia: An Area with an Exceptionally Low Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection

“…Comparison of the findings in this study with the rates in other populations (Table 2) enables some plausible inferences [14][15][16][17][18][19]. It is clear from the study that the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in this low H. pylori prevalence population is considerably lower than the high rates observed among males in high-risk Caucasian populations.…”

Improved local control by surgery and paclitaxel‐based chemoradiation for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Results of a retrospective non‐randomized study

“…In contrast to western countries, SCC is the most common histological type of esophageal cancer in Asia [2,26]. The prognosis and response to treatment seem different between patients with SCC and adenocarcinoma [7,8,24,27].…”

Oesophageal cancer incidence in the United States by race, sex, and histologic type, 1977–2005

“…Although several recent studies have used the SEER and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) databases to expand these analyses, these have been based on shorter time periods and/or have focused on only certain racial/ethnic groups (Kubo and Corley, 2004;Wu et al, 2006Wu et al, , 2007Mittal et al, 2008;Trivers et al, 2008). Therefore, we conducted a detailed descriptive analysis of SEER oesophageal cancer incidence patterns by race/ethnicity, sex, and histologic type for the years 1977/1992 -2005.…”