Incidence of childhood cancer in Namibia-the need for registries in Africa

Stefan, Daniela Cristina; Baadjes, Bjorn; Kruger, Mariana

doi:10.11604/pamj.2014.17.191.3830

Cited by 14 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…However, there was significant reduction in the reported weight of resected tumors and proportion of cases with anaplasia. The reason for this trend may not be apparent from this review in view of the retrospective nature of most of the included articles, lack of data on duration of symptoms before presentation, and underreporting 3,14,28,39 . Of importance is the finding that North Africa and the multiregional studies showed significantly lower proportion of high‐stage patients than those of the rest of Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Wilms tumor in Africa: A systematic review of management challenges and outcome in two decades (2000‐2019)

Ekenze

Okafor

Obasi

et al. 2020

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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We performed a systematic review to highlight trends in management and outcome of Wilms tumor (WT) in Africa in the past two decades (2000-2019). Twenty-seven studies involving 2250 patients were analyzed. Overall, barring regional variations, 57.7% of the cases presented with advanced disease, 57.3% completed planned treatment, and survival was 56.5%. The publications in the two decades did not show significant differences in proportions of cases with advanced disease, completion of treatment rate, and cases lost to follow up. However, significantly more cases received preoperative chemotherapy, and survival improved in the last decade (2010-2019) compared to the earlier decade (2000-2009). Survival of WT in Africa might have improved in the last decade, but challenges of delayed presentation and abandonment of treatment have persisted. Measures that will encourage early access to expert care as well as improve on treatment compliance may further improve survival of WT in Africa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Wilms tumor in Africa: A systematic review of management challenges and outcome in two decades (2000‐2019)

Ekenze

Okafor

Obasi

et al. 2020

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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“… 21 Institutional reports from African centers typically describe a lower proportion of leukemia, minimal CNS tumors, and a higher proportion of visible tumors like Wilms tumor, Burkitts lymphoma, retinoblastoma, or HIV-associated malignancies (eg, KS). 22 - 26 The South African Children’s Tumor Registry more closely resembles the US pediatric cancer distribution pattern with leukemia, lymphomas, renal tumors, and CNS tumors being the most common. 17 At PMH, leukemia initially represented only 12% of diagnoses but has been the most common diagnosis, at 22%, during the past 4 years of this cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Program in Botswana

Slone

Wally

et al. 2018

JGO

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PurposeAnnually, 300,000 children are diagnosed with cancer, and the majority of these children live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Currently, there is incomplete information on pediatric cancer incidence, diagnosis distribution, and treatment outcomes in Africa. Since 2007, a pediatric hematology-oncology program has been operating in Botswana through a partnership between the Botswana government, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children’s Hospital.MethodsTo better understand patient characteristics and outcomes at Botswana’s only pediatric cancer program, a hospital-based data base—the Botswana Pediatric Oncology Database—was established in 2014. Children younger than 18 years of age at the time of diagnosis who presented between 2008 and 2015 were included. Data for this study were extracted in February 2016.ResultsOf the 240 potential enrollees, 185 (77%) children met eligibility for this study. The median age was 6.4 years, and 50.8% were male. Leukemia was the most common malignancy representing 18.9% of the cohort and 88.1% of the total cohort had a histopathologic diagnosis. HIV seropositivity was confirmed in 13.5%. The 2-year overall survival of all pediatric cancer diagnoses was 52.4%. Abandonment of treatment occurred in 3.8% of patients.ConclusionIn the first 9 years of the program, capacity has been developed through a longstanding partnership between Botswana and Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children’s Hospital that has led to children receiving care for cancer and blood disorders. Although continued improvements are necessary, outcomes to date indicate that children with cancer in Botswana can be successfully diagnosed and treated.

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“…[3] Given that the majority of the pediatric population is situated in developing countries, approximately only 20% have adequate access to medical facilities. [3,4] Various factors, including the complexity of pathology, patient's socioeconomic status, healthcare provider, and the bureaucracy of the healthcare system, may contribute to the diagnostic delay. A thorough understanding of the factors contributing to the diagnostic delay is thus mandated to ensure immediate and effective treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric hematological malignancy: Identification of issues involved in the road to diagnosis

Venkatasai

Srinivasamaharaj

Sneha

et al. 2017

South Asian J Cancer

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Introduction:Childhood malignancy, although a rare phenomenon, is still the leading cause of mortality in the pediatric population. Early diagnosis and treatment are imperative for the achievement of optimal prognosis. The study of factors facilitating the delay in diagnosis is thus of utmost importance, to both shorten the diagnostic delay and allow for early therapeutic intervention, facilitating a higher prognosis.Objective:To assess the referral pattern and the identification of potential delays in the diagnosis of childhood malignancy in a developing country.Methodology:The study was conducted in the Pediatric Hematology and Oncology department of Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India. The study included randomly selected 70 pediatric patients diagnosed with a hematological malignancy, from July 2012-August 2013. The parents were interviewed using a prepared questionnaire about patient symptomatology, interaction with healthcare providers, final diagnosis, and referral details. Data were statistically analyzed using Statistica® (STATsoft).Results:70 patients were included in the study (69% boys, 31% girls). The diagnostic delay was primarily due to the delay experienced in the healthcare system, with a mean delay of 26 days (Median: 18; Range: 5-39). Those from a lower socioeconomic background and whom opted for a non-allopathic treatment approach experienced higher diagnostic delays. Diagnostic time was significantly shorter for those who visited a pediatrician versus the patients who visited a general physician or super specialties (P = 0.043).Conclusions:Diagnostic delay is often associated with an extensive disease presentation, an aggressive therapeutic approach, and has a negative impact on patient prognosis. To lower mortality rate and facilitate a favourable prognosis, diagnosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and immediate intervention.

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Incidence of childhood cancer in Namibia-the need for registries in Africa

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Wilms tumor in Africa: A systematic review of management challenges and outcome in two decades (2000‐2019)

Wilms tumor in Africa: A systematic review of management challenges and outcome in two decades (2000‐2019)

Establishing a Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Program in Botswana

Pediatric hematological malignancy: Identification of issues involved in the road to diagnosis

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