Incidence of Cancer in Men on a Diet High in Polyunsaturated Fat

Pearce, Morton Lee; Dayton, Seymour

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91086-5

Cited by 200 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…An increased incidence of malignant neoplasias in individuals who consumed a diet high in polyunsaturated fat has been reported in one study but not in others 185 " 187 (see review by Enig, et al 188 ). Nevertheless, the potential threat of enhanced carcinogenesis must still be considered.…”

Section: Omega-6 Fatty Acids: Safety and Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids, hyperlipidemia, and thrombosis.

Goodnight¹,

Harris

Connor³

et al. 1982

Arteriosclerosis

654

150

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Section: Omega-6 Fatty Acids: Safety and Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids, hyperlipidemia, and thrombosis.

Goodnight¹,

Harris

Connor³

et al. 1982

Arteriosclerosis

654

150

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“…So far it is not clear if the immunosuppressive effect of stress acts via an increase of the plasma FFA levels; however, the correlation between the quantity of certain types of fatty acids in the diet and an effect on the immune response and/or tumor induction has been established recently (6,11,15,17). Especially linoleic acid, a PUFA, seems to play an important role in a lot of immune processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much interest has developed in the last decade about the extent to what environmental factors like, for instance, stress, tobacco and certain constituents of the diet contribute to the induction and growth of tumors or to a decrease of the immune response (17,23). Some elements of our modern diet are known to have a direct carcinogenic effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stress and Dietary Fatty Acids on Allograft Survival in the Rat

Kort¹,

Weijma²,

Westbroek³

1979

Eur Surg Res

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To determine the immunosuppressive effect of stress and a diet rich on linoleic acid on vascularized organ graft survival in the rat, a series of allogeneic heart and kidney grafts were carried out. Restraint stress resulted in a significant prolongation of the survival time. Although 5 days of postoperative stress gave the best results, 3 h of stress given on the first postoperative day already gave a marked prolongation of the survival time of kidney allografts. The beneficial effect of stress on heart survival was abolished when prior adrenalectomy was carried out. A diet high on polyunsaturated fatty acids gave significant prolongation of the survival times of kidney-grafted rats. A diet high on saturated fatty acids did not result in a statistical significant prolongation of the survival time, although the difference with the polyunsaturated fatty acid group was very small and not statistically significant. It was concluded that stress and diets high in certain types of fatty acids depress the immune response in rats, possibly via a mechanism which has some common pathways. The adrenal glands could play an important role in this immune inhibition.

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“…Despite some concern that excessive intake of n-6 fatty acids may lead to increased incidence of cancer (32), recent metaanalyses do not support this concern (33,34). Because delta-6 desaturase competitively acts on both linoleic acid and a-linolenic acid, increased intake of linoleic acid may decrease production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the metabolites of a-linolenic acid.…”

Section: -3 Dg (Upper Boundary)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2010: Fat

Ezaki

Miyake

Sato

et al. 2012

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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S44 Background InformationIn the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (DRIs-J) 2010 for fat, the adequate intakes (AIs) and tentative dietary goal for preventing lifestyle-related disease (DGs) for fat were determined. Specifically, AIs were set for n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are essential fatty acids because they are not produced by the human body and their deficiency leads to disease. DGs have been set for total fat, saturated fat, n-6 fatty acids, n-3 fatty acids, and cholesterol, whose consumption levels affect risk of lifestyle-related disease, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and stroke.Total fatty acids, saturated fat, and n-6 fatty acids are major fuels that supply energy to humans. Therefore, they are expressed as percentage of energy (%en) from total energy intake. Essential fatty acids, including metabolites of a-linolenic acid are expressed as absolute values (g/d) but not relative values (en% of total energy) due to their essentiality.To estimate the average amount of fatty acid intake in the Japanese which was used for DRIs, it was calculated using the original data that had been collected by the 2005 and 2006 NHNS. The 50th percentiles of the major fatty acids and cholesterol are presented in the original Japanese DRIs. For the determination of DGs in the DRIs-J 2010, systematic reviews were conducted by using appropriate key words in PubMed. From these publications, 437 related to DRIs were selected for careful reading and, along with those that had been used for the DRIs-J 2005, were used for a review of the DRIs-J 2010.In this paper, the original version of the Japanese DRIs has been summarized and only selected sections discussed for the sake of brevity. Determining DRIs 1. Total fat 1-1. DG (lower boundary).A low fat/high carbohydrate diet leads to increased postprandial glucose and fasting triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations and decreased fasting high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration (1). Although there is no definite evidence that average daily fat intake in a low fat/high carbohydrate diet increases risk of obesity and diabetes mellitus, unfavorable metabolite profiles in low fat/high carbohydrate diets indicate that a lower boundary of adequate total fat intake exists.As described in the following sections, the AI of n-6 Summary In the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for fat, adequate intake (AI) and tentative dietary goal for preventing lifestyle-related disease (DGs) were used. AIs were set for n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are essential fatty acids because they are not produced by the human body and their deficiency leads to dermatitis. DGs have been set for total fat, saturated fat, n-6 fatty acids, n-3 fatty acids, and cholesterol, whose consumption levels affect risk of lifestyle-related disease, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. As AI for n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the 50th percentile of n-6 and n-3 fatty acid intake was set. In the Japanese ...

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Incidence of Cancer in Men on a Diet High in Polyunsaturated Fat

Cited by 200 publications

References 6 publications

Polyunsaturated fatty acids, hyperlipidemia, and thrombosis.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids, hyperlipidemia, and thrombosis.

Effect of Stress and Dietary Fatty Acids on Allograft Survival in the Rat

Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2010: Fat

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