Incidence of Aplastic Anemia in a Defined Subpopulation from Mexico City

Abstract

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a hematological disease characterized by the deficient production of blood cells. The incidence of AA worldwide is low (1-5 new cases per 10(6) individuals per year). In contrast to other countries, no current reports exist on the incidence of this disorder in Mexico. In the present study, we have determined the incidence of AA in a defined subpopulation from Mexico City during the period 1996-2000. For the purpose of this study, we focused on the experience from a single medical institution: the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), which covers around 50% of Mexico's population. The incidence of AA was determined based on the actual number of patients diagnosed with this disease at the IMSS in Mexico City in a given year and the total number of individuals registered at the IMSS in Mexico City in the same year. Considering the IMSS population as a whole, the annual incidence of AA was 3.9 new cases per 10(6) individuals per year. In the pediatric population, the annual incidence was 4.2 new cases per 10(6) individuals per year, whereas in people 15-years-old and older the incidence was 3.8 new cases per 10(6) individuals per year. These incidences were higher than those reported in most studies from the USA, Europe and Israel. Compared to the incidence in Thailand, the incidence we observed in children was considerably higher, whereas the one in adults was similar to the one in that country. The results of the present study suggest that the incidence of AA in Mexico City is one of the highest worldwide, particularly in terms of the pediatric population; however, these results must be taken with caution since this study comprises only a subpopulation from Mexico City and not the entire population. Thus, further studies including a broader population, both in Mexico City and other urban and rural areas of this country, will be necessary in order to obtain better and more complete estimates of the actual incidence of AA in Mexico.

Long-Term Results of the Immunosuppressive Treatment of Patients with Severe Acquired Aplastic Anemia: A Single Institution Study

“…SAA seems to be more frequent in Mexican Mestizos [5, 10, 11, 12]and other inhabitants of Latin America [12]than in Caucasians; the rate of SAA is much higher in the developing world, where it may rival acute myelogenous leukemia in its frequency of diagnosis in hematology clinics [2]; in the period which we analyzed here, we identified 61 patients with SAA and 125 with acute myelogenous leukemia.…”

Pattern of haematological diseases diagnosed by bone marrow examination in Yemen: a developing country experience

“…, 1995) variables in the aetiology of some haematological disorders such as leukaemias and aplastic anaemia. Knowledge of the pattern of some haematological diseases in developing countries (Benitez‐Aranda et al. , 2002; Issaragrisil et al.…”

Incidence and risk factors of aplastic anemia in Latin American countries: the LATIN case-control study

“…1 This wide variation in incidence among regions is generally thought to be due to environmental, rather than genetic factors. 7,[11][12][13] Based on data from several publications indicating that environmental factors play a major role in the development of AA 2 , the fact that the risk factors have not yet been well-described for our context, and because treatment is not widely available in developing countries, this study has been carried out since 2002, 14 with the purpose of providing more information for prevention of the disease. The LATIN study is an international case-control study designed to identify risk factors for agranulocytosis and AA, including drugs, other diseases, and environmental factors, using a methodological approach similar to that used in previous studies.…”