Incidence and severity of African cassava mosaic disease (ACMD) and cassava bacterial blight (CBB) on some local and exotic cassava varieties in different ecological zones of Ghana

Lamptey, J. N. L.; Okoli, O. O.; Frimpong-Manso, P.P.

doi:10.4314/gjas.v31i1.1943

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Incidence of both ACMV and EACMV, and the importance of CMD in Ghana have been reported (Lamptey et al, 1998(Lamptey et al, , 2000Offei et al, 1999;Manu-Aduening et al, 2007;Torkpo, 2009). Though those studies report on CMD in Ghana, the molecular features of the virus have not been conclusively determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Complete genome sequencing of two causative viruses of cassava mosaic disease in Ghana

Oteng-Frimpong¹,

Levy²,

Torkpo³

et al. 2012

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Cassava mosaic disease (CMV), caused by one or a combination of cassava mosaic geminiviruses, is ranked among the most important constraints to profitable and efficient production of cassava. Effective control measures require in-depth knowledge of the viral causative agent. Using rolling-circle amplification and unique enzymes, the full genome of two species of cassava mosaic geminivirus isolated from infected cassava plants in Ghana were cloned into pCambia 1300 and pET-28b. The sequences of the genome were determined on an ABI sequencer and a pairwise comparison was performed with other cassava-infecting geminiviruses from different countries. It was revealed that cassava grown in Ghana is attacked by two species of geminivirus in either single or mixed infections. These are the African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) and the East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV)-like, with high sequence similarity of 94% and 80%, respectively, between the DNA-A and DNA-B components of each virus, and 66% and 41% similarity of the common region (CR) (for A and B accordingly). The DNA-A of ACMV and EACMV-like contained 2781 and 2800 nucleotides, respectively, while their DNA-B components had 2725 and 2734 nucleotides, respectively. ACMV DNA-A was over 97% similar to those of other ACMVs from the continent. In contrast, EACMV-like DNA-A was over 98% similar to the isolates from Cameroon and other West African countries, and less than 88% similar to other EACMV species. Thus ACMV and EACMV-like were named African cassava mosaic virus-Ghana and East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus-Ghana. Computer analysis revealed that their genome arrangement follows the typical old world bipartite begomovirus genome. The association of these two species and their interaction might account for the severe symptoms observed on infected plants in the field and in the greenhouse.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Complete genome sequencing of two causative viruses of cassava mosaic disease in Ghana

Oteng-Frimpong¹,

Levy²,

Torkpo³

et al. 2012

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“…ACMD was first observed near Accra in 1926(Doku, 1966 and its spread was more significant in the coastal areas of the country around 1930 (Leather, 1959;Clerk, 1974). At present, ACMD is widespread and found in all the agro-ecological zones in Ghana (Lamptey et al, 1998). The EACMV was first reported in Ghana in 1999 (Offei et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…CMD is responsible for an estimated loss of yield of over 1.5 billion US dollars a year (Thresh et al, 1994). It is undoubtedly the most important constraint to the production of cassava in Ghana (Lamptey et al, 1998). The characteristic severe distortion and stunting of leaf and entire plant associated with the disease, especially on local genotypes, indicates how serious yields could be affected (Lamptey et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenotypic and molecular screening of cassava (Manihot esculentum Crantz) genotypes for resistance to cassava mosaic disease

Asare¹,

Galyuon²,

Asare‐Bediako³

et al. 2014

J. Gen. Mol. Virol.

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Cassava mosaic disease (CMD), caused by cassava mosaic geminivirus (CMG) is the most-important disease threatening production of cassava (Manihot esculenta) in Ghana. The disease is best managed through host-plant resistance. The study was conducted to assess resistance of 38 cassava genotypes to CMD, determine the associated resistance gene, and to identify the strains of CMG infecting cassava in Ghana. Both morphological and molecular markers were used to screen 38 cassava accessions against CMG infection. Morphological studies revealed one genotype (Capevars) as highly resistant whilst three others (Adehye, Nkabom and KW085) were tolerant, showing mild symptoms. PCR analyses using strain specific primers, however, detected the virus in all the three tolerant genotypes, but absent in Capevars. However, the dominant CMD resistance gene, CMD2, was detected in both the resistant and the tolerant genotypes. Apart from Capevars, the other 37 cassava genotypes were infected by, at least, one of the four ACMV variants of ACMV1, ACMV2, ACMV-AL and ACMV3. It is, therefore, concluded that field screening for CMD resistance, should integrate phenotypic evaluation and detection of the virus.

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“…In Ghana, chlorosis and distortion of leaves and stunting of plants caused by CMD infections makes the disease very important (Lamptey et al, 1998). Although, fewer farms were covered in their 1997 survey, Cudjoe et al, (2005) reported occurrence of high, incidence of CMD in the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and severity of cassava mosaic disease in farmer’s fields in Ghana

Torkpo

Gafni

Danquah

et al. 2018

Ghana J. Agric. Sci

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A survey of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) was carried out in Ghana from 2007-2008 to assess CMD incidence, infection type, severity and adult whitefly population. A total of 136 famers' fields across major cassava producing areas in the Brong Ahafo, Western, Northern, Ashanti and Volta regions were assessed. CMD was prevalent in most of the 136 fields surveyed. Frequently encountered local landraces were susceptible to the disease. CMD incidence reached 100% in farmers' fields. Mean disease incidence ranged from 46% in the Ashanti region to 90% in the Western region of the country. CMD incidence averaged 66.0%, with cutting-borne infection and Whitefly-borne infections being 54.0% and 12.0%, respectively. CMD shoot symptom severity ranged from 2.0 to 3.7 in the farmers' fields, with a mean of 2.9. Mean adult whitefly population was 0.47. The high prevalence of CMD requires a concerted effort in the management of CMD in the country. Original scientific paper.

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Incidence and severity of African cassava mosaic disease (ACMD) and cassava bacterial blight (CBB) on some local and exotic cassava varieties in different ecological zones of Ghana

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Complete genome sequencing of two causative viruses of cassava mosaic disease in Ghana

Complete genome sequencing of two causative viruses of cassava mosaic disease in Ghana

Phenotypic and molecular screening of cassava (Manihot esculentum Crantz) genotypes for resistance to cassava mosaic disease

Incidence and severity of cassava mosaic disease in farmer’s fields in Ghana

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