Incidence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from healthy food-producing animals in Pakistan

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the occurrence and molecular features of ESBL-producing and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from healthy food-producing animals in Pakistan. Methods: A total of 153 E. coli isolates were recovered from 250 faecal samples collected from livestock and poultry. The antibiotic susceptibility, resistant determinants and mobile genetic elements were determined for all the isolates. The clonal relatedness was analysed by MLST. Plasmids harbouring, localization and transferability of mcr-1 gene were carried out by Southern hybridization, S1-PFGE and transconjugation.Results: Out of 153 E. coli strains, 49.01% isolates were ESBLs producers, whereas 18.95% were resistant to colistin and 84.31% of the isolates. Multidrug resistance was found in 84% of the isolates. The ESBL-producing E. coli in buffaloes, cattle, sheep, goat and broilers faecal samples were 60%, 74%, 54%, 50% and 68%, respectively. Among the ESBLs genes, bla CTX-M was the most prevalent group detected in 98.66%, while only mcr-1 of the colistin-resistant genes could be PCR amplified in 29 isolates. The common MGEs found were ISECP1 (35.13%), ISCR1 (33.78%), ISApl1 (20.27%) and Inti1 (58.10%). The most predominant Inc. types found were IncFIB 46.66%, followed by IncFIA 30.66%, IncFIC 26.66%, IncFrepB 26.66%, IncHI2 26.66%, IncP 22.66% and IncX4 21.33%. The most frequent sequence type detected was ST58.Southern blot and S1-PFGE confirmed the plasmid harbouring of mcr-1 gene. Conclusion:The co-occurrence of mcr-1 and ESBLs-encoding genes, along with MGEs in E. coli from healthy food animals in Pakistan, is a major concern.

Bacterial Isolates from Urinary Tract Infection in Dogs and Cats in Portugal, and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern: A Retrospective Study of 5 Years (2017–2021)

“…In Table 1 , Table 2 and Table 3 , the pattern of sensibility in the 5306 in this study is represented. The isolates presented higher resistance percentages to erythromycin (54.7%), ampicillin (50.9%), and penicillin (49.6%) of all the tested antibiotics [ 15 ].…”

Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates That Cause Diarrhea in Sheep in Northwest China

“…This is a startling discovery, as until now, sheep-origin E. coli resistance has been neglected. Recent studies have confirmed the presence of MDR ESBL-producing E. coli in sheep in Pakistan, Chile, Brazil, Portugal, and the United States ( 24 – 28 ). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the multidrug resistance determinants of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates of sheep origin in China.…”

Characteristics of the plasmid-mediated colistin-resistance gene mcr-1 in Escherichia coli isolated from a veterinary hospital in Shanghai

“…A sterilized 0.45 μm microporous filter membrane was applied to MH medium, and the mixture was spread onto the membrane. After culturing at 37°C for 12 h, transconjugants were selected on MacConkey agar containing 4 mg/L colistin and 200 mg/L sodium azide and confirmed using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR and PCR analysis of mcr-1 ( Liu et al, 2020 ; Shafiq et al, 2022 ).…”